Nebra

Also known as: Raneb, Kakau Dynasty II

The Horus name of Nebra can also be read as Raneb, but the preferred reading is Nebra, as this implies that the king rules over the sun as a celestial body. Reading it as Raneb assumes that Ra was already worshipped as a god, which does not seem to have happened until the third dynasty.
The New Kingdom throne name is of Nebra is Kakau, whose origin is a mystery.

Reign of Nebra
AE Chronologyc. 2700
von Beckerath2800–2785
Redford2820–2790
Turin Canon95 (years?)
Manetho (Africanus)39 years

 

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus name
Horus name of Nebra: Neb Ra
Neb Ra
nb-rꜤ
Lord of the sun of Horus
nb:ra
Emery, Archaic Egypt, p.93, fig. 56
Winkler, Rock-drawings of Southern Upper Egypt, I, plate 11 (4)
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 42-43, 2:H2
Horus name variant
Horus name of Nebra: Ra neb
Ra neb
rꜤ-nb
Ra is my lord
ra:nb
Maspero, ASAE, 3, 188
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 42-43, 2:H1
Throne name
Throne name of Nebra: Kakau*
Kakau*
kꜢ-kꜢw
Bull of bulls
kA-D52:D52:D52
Abydos king list 10
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 42-43, 2:1
Throne name variant
Throne name of Nebra: Kakau*
Kakau*
kꜢ-kꜢw
Bull of bulls
kA-D52A:D52A:D52A
Saqqara king list 55
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 42-43, 2:1
Throne name variant
Throne name of Nebra: Kakau*
Kakau*
kꜢ-kꜢw
Bull of bulls
//-D52:E2-w
Royal Canon of Turin 3.21
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959), II:21
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 42-43, 2:2
Throne name variant
Throne name of Nebra: Nub nefer
Nub nefer
nbw-nfr
nbw:nfr
Lauer, La Pyramide à Degrés, IV, 1 n.100 plate VI 4
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 42-43, 2:E

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTransliterationTranscriptionReign
Africanus ii, 2 Καιεχως Kaiekhos Kaiechos 39 years
Eusebius ii, 2 Χωος Khoös Choos
Eratosthenes 7 Στοιχος Stoikhos Stoechus 6 years

Bibliography


Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 42–43
The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 246–247
Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 38
The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 28

 

End of page
The Royal titulary

The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.

Horus
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.

Nebty
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Golden Horus
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.

Prenomen
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.

Nomen
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.

Kinglists
Ancient historians

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