Ptolemy III
| Also known as: Ptolemaios Euergetes | Ptolemaic Dynasty |
| Reign of Ptolemy III | |
|---|---|
| von Beckerath | 246–221 |
| Shaw | 246–221 |
| Dodson | 246–222 |
| Redford | 246–222 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus name
Heken netjeru remetj heref
ḥkn-nṯrw-rmṯ-ḥr.f
The one over whom gods and people have rejoiced
H-k:nw*W-nTr-H4:Z2-D2*Z1:f
Temple of Khonsu propylon at Karnak
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 9a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 234-235, 3:H1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 9a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 234-235, 3:H1
Horus name variant
Heken netjeru remetj heref em shesepef nesyt em a itef
ḥkn-nṯrw-rmṯ-ḥr.f m-šsp.f-nsyt-m-Ꜥ-it.f
The one over whom gods and people have rejoiced when he has received the kingship from his father's hand
H-k:nw-nTrw-H4:3-D2:Z1-f:Aa15-O42B-A9-sw:t-i-i-G20-t:f:Z1:f
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, II, 121:10-11
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 234-235, 3:H2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 234-235, 3:H2
Horus name variant
Heken netjeru remetj heref em shesepef nesyt em a itef
ḥkn-nṯrw-rmṯ-ḥr.f m-šsp.f-nsyt-m-Ꜥ-it.f
The one over whom gods and people have rejoiced when he has received the kingship from his father's hand
H-k:nw*W-nTrw-H4:3-D2*Z1:f-m-O42B:p-D40:f-sw-t-i-i-t:3-G20-t:f:Z1:f
Karnak debris
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), Text III, 40
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), Text III, 40
Horus name variant
Heken netjeru remetj heref em shesepef nesyt em a itef
ḥkn-nṯrw-rmṯ-ḥr.f m-šsp.f-nsyt-m-Ꜥ-it.f
The one over whom gods and people have rejoiced when he has received the kingship from his father's hand
H-k:nw-Z3-nTr-nr:3->-D2*Z1:f:M-O42B-Z9:p-v/-sw-t-i-i-G20-t:f:Z1:f
Philae temple
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)
Nebty name
Qen nedjti netjeru ineb menekh en ta mery
ḳn nḏti-nṯrw inb-mnḫ-n-tꜢmri
The brave one who has protected the gods, a potent wall for The Beloved Land
q*nw:n:D40-Aa27D-nw:t-Z3-nTr-O36-mnx-n:N17:U7-r:O49*O5U
Philae temple
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:N
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:N
Golden Horus name
Wer pehty, ir akhut, neb habu-sed mi Ptah-Tatenen, ity mi Ra
wr-pḥti iri-Ꜣḫt nb-ḥꜢbw-sd-mi-ptḥ-tꜢ-ṯnn ity-mi-rꜤ
Whose might is great, doing that which is beneficial, Lord of the years of Jubilee like Ptah Ta-Tjenen, a ruler like Ra
wr:r-F9*F9:ir-3&Ax&x:nb-O23-Z3-p:t-H-C19A-C18C-mi-i-U33-i-i-A311-mi-N6:Z1
Philae temple
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:G
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:G
Throne name
Iwa en senwy netjerwy, setep en Ra, sekhem ankh en Amun
iwꜤ-n-nṯrwi-snwi stp.n-rꜤ sḫm-Ꜥnḫ-n-imn
The heir of the two divine brothers, chosen by Ra, the living image of Amun
T22A60&nTr-T22A60&nTr-F44:n-C12-C2-stp:n-sxm-anx-S3
Temple of Khonsu propylon at Karnak
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 9a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:T1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 9a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:T1
Throne name variant
Iwa en senwy netjerwy, setep en Ra, sekhem ankh en Amun
iwꜤ-n-nṯrwi-snwi stp.n-rꜤ sḫm-Ꜥnḫ-n-imn
The heir of the two divine brothers, chosen by Ra, the living image of Amun
T22A\60&nTr-T22A\60&nTr-a:a-F44-C12A\-C2A-stp:n-sxm-anx
Philae temple
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 12e
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:T2
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 12e
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:T2
Throne name variant
Iwa en senwy netjerwy, setep en Ra, sekhem ankh en Amun
iwꜤ-n-nṯrwi-snwi stp.n-rꜤ sḫm-Ꜥnḫ-n-imn
The heir of the two divine brothers, chosen by Ra, the living image of Amun
F44-nTr-Z3-T22A-C12A\-C2A-anx-Y18-stp:n
Brugsch, Recueil de monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (2)
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 12d
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:T3
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 12d
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:T3
Birth name
Ptolemys ankh djet mery Ptah
ptwlmis Ꜥnḫ-ḏt mri-ptḥ
Ptolemy, who lives eternally, beloved of Ptah
p:t-wA-l:M-i-i-s-anx-D&(t:N16)-p:t-H-mr
Temple of Khonsu propylon at Karnak
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 9a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:E1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 9a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 236-237, 3:E1
Birth name variant
Ptolemys ankh djet mery Ptah
ptwlmis Ꜥnḫ-ḏt mri-ptḥ
Ptolemy, who lives eternally, beloved of Ptah
p:t-l:W*M-i-i-s-C102A-anx-D&(t:N16)
Philae temple
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 12d
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 12d
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Greek | Transliteration | Transcription |
|---|---|---|
| Πτολεμαιος Ευεργετης | Ptolemaios Euergétēs | Ptolemy Euergetes |
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 234–237
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 20 (1915): 245–263
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 179–180
The Royal titulary
The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.
Kinglists
- Turin king list
223 kings – Dynasty 19 - Abydos Canon
76 kings – Dynasty 19 - Saqqara Canon
58 kings – Dynasty 19 - Karnak Canon
61 kings – Dynasty 18 - Comparing the canons
Abydos, Saqqara and Karnak - Ramesseum Canon
Ramesses II Mortuary Temple - Medinet Habu Canon
Ramesses III Mortuary Temple
Ancient historians
- Herodotus
450 BC – Histories - Manetho
250 BC – Aegyptiaca - Diodorus
50 BC – Bibliotheca Historica - Josephus
100 CE – Against Apion - Africanus
220 CE – Chronographai - Eusebius
325 CE – Chronicon - Jerome
380 CE – Chronicon - Syncellus
800 CE – Egloga Chronographai - Eratosthenes
Probably a forgery (date unknown) - Comparing the sources
Transmission of Manetho
by Africanus et. al.
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