Ptolemy XII
| Also known as: Ptolemaios Neos Dionysus Auletes | Ptolemaic Dynasty |
| Reign of Ptolemy XII | |
|---|---|
| 80–51 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus name
Hunu nefer, bener-merut, tjeni su nebty rekhyet hena kaf, dua enef Khnum, shepes er shesep en.ef kha em nesu, sensen en sehnu em haaw mi nedjet itef tjehen mesut her neset itef mi hor ka nakht, ity pesedj em ta-mery mi Hapu ankh, redi enef hebu-sed ashau weru mi Ptah-Tatenen it netjeru
ḥwnw-nfr bnr-mrwt ṯni-sw-nbt-rḫyt-ḥnꜤ-kꜢ.f dwꜢ.n.f-ḫnmw-šps-r-šzp-n.f-ḫꜤ(t)-m-nsw snsn.n-sḥnw-m-ḥꜤꜤw-mi-Nḏ-it.f ṯḥn-msw(t)-ḥr-nst-it.f-mi-ḥr-kꜢ-nḫt ity-psḏ-m-tꜢmri-mi-ḥpw-Ꜥnḫ rdi-n.f-ḥꜢbw-sd-ꜤšꜢw-wrw-mi-Ptḥ-tꜢṯnn-it-nṯrw
The perfect youth, pleasant in his popularity, whom the Two Ladies and the common folk have elevated along with his ka, who the wonderful Khnum praises so that he receives the crown of kingship, who unites himself with the works (of his father) in joy like that which his father protects, who is shining at birth on the throne of his father like Horus, the strong bull, the lord who lights up Egypt like the living Apis, to whom many great Sed festivals will be given through Ptah-Tatenen, the father of the Gods
F18:wn-nw:W-A17-nfr-M30*mr:t-C18C-s-G16-G24A-A1:Z2-F18:r-kA-A9-N14-A30-F51B-F105-A51-r:N37A:p-n:f-a:Aa15-xa:a:Aa15-S1-T22A-nw-T22A-nw-N25:z-H-M2:n-ini:W-A1-Aa56-A137-mi-Aa27D-nw*t:Z9:D40-t:f:Z1:f-S15-ms-s-Z3-D2:1-g:t:pr-t:f:Z1:f-G5&1-E1:D40-mi-i-i-U33-i-A311A-Dd-N8-Aa56-N17:O5:t*O49-anx-E95-mi-r:t:a-nw:F51B-(O23-W:t):Z2-I1:Z2-Z9:r:Z2-mi-p:t-H-C18C-X2:f-N14:Z2
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 49b
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:H
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:H
Nebty name
Wer pehty khenty she neheh semen hepu mi Djehuty aa
wr-pḥti ḫntš-nḥḥ smn-hpw-mi-ḏḥwti-ꜤꜢ-ꜤꜢ
The one great of strength and foremost one of the sea forever, who has established laws like the twice-great Thoth
wr:F9*F9:Z9*t-N37A:N36:H*ra*H-s-U28-O4A*p:Z2:H27-mi-G191-O29v-O29v
First pylon, Philae
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 52a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:N1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 52a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:N1
Nebty name variant
Wer pehty khenty she neheh nefer ib wetjes neferu mi Djehuty aa
wr-pḥti ḫntš-nḥḥ nfr-ib wṯz-nfrw-mi-ḏḥwti-ꜤꜢ-ꜤꜢ
The one great of
strength and foremost one of the sea forever, perfect of mind, who has raised perfection like the twice-great Thoth
Z9:r-F9*F9:D40-D19:t-N37A:n:n-H-H-nfr-ib:1-U39O-nfr-Z2B-G191-O29v-O29v-mi
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 49b
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:N2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:N2
Golden Horus name
Aa-ib ity neb qenu nakht mi sa Aset
ꜤꜢ-ib ity nb-ḳnw-nḫt-mi-zꜢ-Ꜣst
The one great of mind, the sovereign, the possessor of bravery and strength like the son of Isis
O29v-ib:1-i-U33-i-i-A311A-nb:q*Z9*nw-D40:nw*x:D40-H8:1-st-t:H8-mi-i
Brugsch, Thesaurus Inscriptionum Aegypticarum, V, 878
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 49a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:G1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 49a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:G1
Golden Horus name variant
Aa-ib mery netjeru baqet ity mi Ra heqa wadjety
ꜤꜢ-ib mri-nṯrw-BꜢḳt ity-mi-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-wꜢḏti
The one great of mind who is beloved of the gods of Baqet, a sovereign like Ra and ruler of the two crowns
O29v-ib:1-U7:r-nTrw-D10A-t:niwt-i-U33-i-i-A311A-mi-i-C2B-HqA-q-wAD-wAD-t:y-I12-I12
Mariette, Denderah, III, plate 15
Gauthier, Le Livre des Rois d'Égypte, IV, 405 (XLVIII B)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:G2
Gauthier, Le Livre des Rois d'Égypte, IV, 405 (XLVIII B)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:G2
Throne name
Iwa en pa netjer nehem setep en Ptah ir Maat en Ra Sekhem ankh Imen
iwꜤ-n-pꜢ-nṯr-nḥm stp-n-ptḥ iri-mꜢꜤt-n-rꜤ sḫm-Ꜥnḫ-imn
The heir of the saviour god, who is the chosen of Ptah, who brings forth the order of Ra, the living image of Amun
p-nTr-F44:n-nw*t*y:n-N104:D40-p:t-H-stp:n-ir:Aa11:nw-C2\-C12-sxm-anx
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 49b
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:T1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:T1
Throne name variant
Iwa en pa netjer nety nehem seten en Ptah ir Maat Amun-Ra
iwꜤ-n-pꜢ-nṯr-nti-nḥm stp-n-ptḥ iri-mꜢꜤt-imn-rꜤ
Heir of the saviour god, chosen by Ptah, who has brings forth the order of Amun-Ra
F44-nw:p-nTr-nw:t-M72-p:t-H-stp:n-ir:Aa11-C2D\-C12C
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 51a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:T2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:T2
Throne name variant
Iwa en pa netjer nehem setep en Ptah ir Maat
iwḳ-n-pꜢ-nṯr-nḥm stp-(n)-ptḥ iri-mꜢꜤt
The heir of the saviour god, who is the chosen of Ptah, who brings forth order
p-nTr-F44-nw*N104:D40-stp:t-p:t-H-ir:Aa11
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), Text IV, 170
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:T3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:T3
Throne name variant
Pa netjer mery it sen Usiri hunu
pꜢ nṯr-mri it snt wsiri ḥwnw
The god who is beloved of his father and brother, the youthful Osiris
p-nTr-t:f-mr-T22A-ir:st*nTr-A17
RecTrav 29, 221
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:T4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:T4
Birth name
Ptolemys ankh djet mery Ptah Aset
ptwlmys Ꜥnḫ-ḏt mri-Ptḥ-Ꜣst
Ptolemaios, living forever, beloved of Ptah and Isis
p:t-wA-l:M-i-i-s-anx-D&&&(t:N17)-p:t-H-st-t*H8:N36
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 49a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:E1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:E1
Birth name variant
Ptolemys ankh djet mery Aset
ptwlmys Ꜥnḫ-ḏt mri-Ꜣst
Ptolemaios, living forever, beloved of Isis
p:t-wA-l:M-i-i-s-anx-D&&&(t:N17)-st-t:H8-mr
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), IV, 47a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:E2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 244-245, 12:E2
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Greek | Transliteration | Transcription |
|---|---|---|
| Πτολεμαιος Νεος Διόνυσος | Ptolemaios Néos Dionusos | Ptolemy Neos Dionysos |
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 244–245
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 20 (1915): 392–410
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 186–187
The Royal titulary
The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.
Kinglists
- Turin king list
223 kings – Dynasty 19 - Abydos Canon
76 kings – Dynasty 19 - Saqqara Canon
58 kings – Dynasty 19 - Karnak Canon
61 kings – Dynasty 18 - Comparing the canons
Abydos, Saqqara and Karnak - Ramesseum Canon
Ramesses II Mortuary Temple - Medinet Habu Canon
Ramesses III Mortuary Temple
Ancient historians
- Herodotus
450 BC – Histories - Manetho
250 BC – Aegyptiaca - Diodorus
50 BC – Bibliotheca Historica - Josephus
100 CE – Against Apion - Africanus
220 CE – Chronographai - Eusebius
325 CE – Chronicon - Jerome
380 CE – Chronicon - Syncellus
800 CE – Egloga Chronographai - Eratosthenes
Probably a forgery (date unknown) - Comparing the sources
Transmission of Manetho
by Africanus et. al.
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