Setnakht

Also known as: Setnakhte Dynasty XX

The Harris papyrus mentions a time of anarchy and chaos (i.e. the last years of the nineteenth dynasty) from which Setnakht rose and restored order, gaining the throne in the process. He was probably a distant relative of the extended Ramesside royal family, or less likely, an usurper. His son Ramesses III would be the last great pharaoh of the New Kingdom. Manetho does not mention any names for the kings of this dynasty.

Reign of Setnakht
AE Chronology1190–1188
von Beckerath1186–1183
Shaw1186–1184
Dodson1187–1185
Malek1186–1184
Arnold1196–1194
Grimal1188–1186
Redford1200–1198
Highest attestationYear 3-4

 

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus name
Horus name of Setnakht: Ka nakht wer pehty
Ka nakht wer pehty
kꜢ-nḫt wr-pḥti
The strong bull, great of might
E1:D40-wr:r-F9*F9:t*Z4
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:H
Horus name variant
Horus name of Setnakht: Ka nakht wer pehty
Ka nakht wer pehty
kꜢ-nḫt wr-pḥti
The strong bull, great of might
E1:D40-wr:r-F9:F9
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny, The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXXIII (271)
. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 1:7
Nebty name
Nebty name of Setnakht: Tut khau mi Tatenen
Tut khau mi Tatenen
twt-ḫꜤw-mi-ṯꜢ-ṯnn
The image of appearances like Tatenen
t-w&t-A53-xa:a:Z2-mi-C18
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:N
Golden Horus name
Golden Horus name of Setnakht: Sekhem khepesh der heruf
Sekhem khepesh der heruf
sḫm-ḫpš dr-[ḥr]w.f
Powerful of effectiveness, who has subdued his enemies
sxm-Aa15:D40-x*p:N37:xpS-d:r:D40-r:q-i-i-Z1:Z1*Z1-A14:f
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:G1
Golden Horus name variant
Golden Horus name of Setnakht: Hai pedjut 9 an em nesyt
Hai pedjut 9 an em nesyt
ḥꜤi-pḏt Ꜥn-m-snyt
Who has struck the Nine Bows, beautiful in kingship
pD:3*3:3-A24-i-a:n-m-sw-i-i
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny, The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXXIII (271)
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:G2
Throne name
Throne name of Setnakht: User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra, beloved of Amun
ra-wsr-C12-N36:xa:Z2-stp&n&ra
, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (), III, 206d
Throne name variant
Throne name of Setnakht: User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra, beloved of Amun
C2\-wsr-C12-N36:xa*3-stp&n&ra
. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 5:1
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:T4
Throne name variant
Throne name of Setnakht: User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra, beloved of Amun
ra-wsr-C12-N36:xa*Z2-stp&n&ra
. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 4:1,3
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:T5
Throne name variant
Throne name of Setnakht: User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra, beloved of Amun
ra-wsr-xa:3-stp&n&ra-i-mn:n:N36
, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (), III, 206a
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:T6
Throne name variant
Throne name of Setnakht: User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
ra-wsr-xa:a-Y1-stp&n&ra-mr-i-mn:n-A40
Papyrus Harris, I, 75,7
Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca, V, 91:15-16
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:T7
Throne name variant
Throne name of Setnakht: User khau Ra, setep en Ra
User khau Ra, setep en Ra
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra
ra-wsr-xa:Z2-stp&n&ra
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:T1
Throne name variant
Throne name of Setnakht: User khau Ra, setep en Ra
User khau Ra, setep en Ra
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra
<1--0>-ra-wsr-xa:a*Y1-i-i-stp&n&ra#2-#b-<0--2>-#e
. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 1:15
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:T2
Throne name variant
Throne name of Setnakht: User khau Ra, mery Amun
User khau Ra, mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, belived of Amun
ra-wsr-xa:3-N36:(i-mn:n)
Mariette, Abydos, II, plate 52
. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 5:16
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:T3
Birth name
Birth name of Setnakht: Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn-rꜤ
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun-Ra
ra-C12\-C7A-D40:N36-r:r
, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (), III, 206d
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:E3
Birth name variant
Birth name of Setnakht: Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn-rꜤ
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun-Ra
ra-E21:D40-A40-U7:r*r-A2-i-mn:n:U7-A40
Papyrus Harris, I, 75,7
Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca, V, 91:15-16
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:E5
Birth name variant
Birth name of Setnakht: Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn-rꜤ
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun-Ra
ra-C12\-C7A-N36:t:D40-N36:r:r
. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 3
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:E2
Birth name variant
Birth name of Setnakht: Set nakht(e), merer Amun
Set nakht(e), merer Amun
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun
C12\-C7A-N36:r:r-D40
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:E1
Birth name variant
Birth name of Setnakht: Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun-Ra
U6\-C12\-ra-C7A-D40:t-r:r
. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 3: (4b)
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 164-165, 1:E4

Bibliography


Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 164–165
The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 407–409
Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 152–156
The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 126–127

 

← Tausret   Dynasty XX   Ramesses III →
End of page
The Royal titulary

The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.

Horus
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.

Nebty
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Golden Horus
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.

Prenomen
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.

Nomen
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.

Kinglists
Ancient historians

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