Setnakht
Also known as: Setnakhte |
Dynasty XX |
The Harris papyrus mentions a time of anarchy and chaos (i.e. the last years of the nineteenth dynasty) from which Setnakht rose and restored order, gaining the throne in the process. He was probably a distant relative of the extended Ramesside royal family, or less likely, an usurper. His son Ramesses III would be the last great pharaoh of the New Kingdom. Manetho does not mention any names for the kings of this dynasty.
Reign of Setnakht |
AE Chronology | 1190–1188 |
von Beckerath | 1186–1183 |
Shaw | 1186–1184 |
Dodson | 1187–1185 |
Malek | 1186–1184 |
Arnold | 1196–1194 |
Grimal | 1188–1186 |
Redford | 1200–1198 |
Highest attestation | Year 3-4 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus name
Ka nakht wer pehty
kꜢ-nḫt wr-pḥti
The strong bull, great of might
E1:D40-wr:r-F9*F9:t*Z4
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:H
Horus name variant
Ka nakht wer pehty
kꜢ-nḫt wr-pḥti
The strong bull, great of might
E1:D40-wr:r-F9:F9
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny, The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXXIII (271)
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 1:7
Nebty name
Tut khau mi Tatenen
twt-ḫꜤw-mi-ṯꜢ-ṯnn
The image of appearances like Tatenen
t-w&t-A53-xa:a:Z2-mi-C18
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:N
Golden Horus name
Sekhem khepesh der heruf
sḫm-ḫpš dr-[ḥr]w.f
Powerful of effectiveness, who has subdued his enemies
sxm-Aa15:D40-x*p:N37:xpS-d:r:D40-r:q-i-i-Z1:Z1*Z1-A14:f
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:G1
Golden Horus name variant
Hai pedjut 9 an em nesyt
ḥꜤi-pḏt Ꜥn-m-snyt
Who has struck the Nine Bows, beautiful in kingship
pD:3*3:3-A24-i-a:n-m-sw-i-i
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny, The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXXIII (271)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:G2
Throne name
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra, beloved of Amun
ra-wsr-C12-N36:xa:Z2-stp&n&ra
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 206d
Throne name variant
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra, beloved of Amun
C2\-wsr-C12-N36:xa*3-stp&n&ra
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 5:1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:T4
Throne name variant
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra, beloved of Amun
ra-wsr-C12-N36:xa*Z2-stp&n&ra
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 4:1,3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:T5
Throne name variant
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra, beloved of Amun
ra-wsr-xa:3-stp&n&ra-i-mn:n:N36
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 206a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:T6
Throne name variant
User khau Ra, setep en Ra mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ mri-imn
ra-wsr-xa:a-Y1-stp&n&ra-mr-i-mn:n-A40
Papyrus Harris, I, 75,7
Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca, V, 91:15-16
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:T7
Throne name variant
User khau Ra, setep en Ra
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra
ra-wsr-xa:Z2-stp&n&ra
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:T1
Throne name variant
User khau Ra, setep en Ra
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Powerful are the forms of Ra, chosen of Ra
<1--0>-ra-wsr-xa:a*Y1-i-i-stp&n&ra#2-#b-<0--2>-#e
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 1:15
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:T2
Throne name variant
User khau Ra, mery Amun
wsr-ḫꜤw-rꜤ mri-imn
Powerful are the forms of Ra, belived of Amun
ra-wsr-xa:3-N36:(i-mn:n)
Mariette, Abydos, II, plate 52
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 5:16
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:T3
Birth name
Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn-rꜤ
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun-Ra
ra-C12\-C7A-D40:N36-r:r
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 206d
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:E3
Birth name variant
Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn-rꜤ
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun-Ra
ra-E21:D40-A40-U7:r*r-A2-i-mn:n:U7-A40
Papyrus Harris, I, 75,7
Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca, V, 91:15-16
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:E5
Birth name variant
Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn-rꜤ
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun-Ra
ra-C12\-C7A-N36:t:D40-N36:r:r
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:E2
Birth name variant
Set nakht(e), merer Amun
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun
C12\-C7A-N36:r:r-D40
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo , 28, plate 49
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:E1
Birth name variant
Set nakht(e), merer Amun-Ra
stẖ-nḫt(w) mrr-imn
Seth is victorious, beloved of Amun-Ra
U6\-C12\-ra-C7A-D40:t-r:r
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, V, 3: (4b)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 164-165, 1:E4
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 164–165
Baker. D. D. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 407–409
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 152–156
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 126–127