Augustus (63 BC - 14 AD) was born Gaius Octavius Thurinus and adopted in 44 BC by his great-uncle Julius Caesar, who gave him the name Gaius Julius Caesar. He defeated Cleopatra and Mark Anthony in 30 BC, ending Egyptian independence. The Senate bestowed the honorific Augustus (“the illustrious one”) on him in 27 BC, and he became known as Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus. It is customary to refer to him as Octavius when referring to events before 44 BC, Octavian when for events between 44 and 27 BC, and Augustus from 27 BC to his death in 14 AD.
Precedessor Successor | |
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Reign of Augustus | |
27 BCE–14 CE |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus names
The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:H1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:H2
Throne names
Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:T1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:T2
Kaisaros
The Greek title Kaisaros is the equivalent of the Latin title Caesar.
It was always written in a cartouche.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:E2
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:E5
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:E8
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:E6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:E7
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:E11
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:E12
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:E13
Autokrator
The Greek epithet Autokrator is the equivalent of the Latin epithet Imperator (Commander).
It was always written in the cartouche.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:T3
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:T5
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:T8
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 248-249, 1:T7
Bibliography
- Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 21 (1917): 3–26
- Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 248–249
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