Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt

After the conflict between the rulers of Thebes and Heracleopolis during the First Intermediate Period, the Two Lands were once again united after the king re-established his power by taking direct control of the military and by appointing important administrative positions to trusted and loyal members of the family. This limited the power of the nomarchs and priests that had grown ever more powerful since the collapse of the Old Kingdom, and brought wealth and power back to the king. The stability of the government allowed production to increase manifold. The improvements to infrastructure ushered in an era of flourishing trade, and the stability of the time allowed arts and literature to reach new heights. It was a prosperous era, where the pharaos tried to emulate those of the Old Kingdom.

Around 1780 BCE, the immigrant Hyksos had amassed wealth and power in Lower Egypt, ultimately resulting in the Second Intermediate Period.

The order of Egyptian pharaohs is not always fixed. New discoveries can sometimes lead to changes in the accepted sequence. This is true for all Egyptian dynasties.

Dynasty XI

#	Pharaoh	Alternate names	Reign (BC)
1	Mentuhotep I	Mentuhotep-aa
2	Intef I	Antef I, Anjotef I, Inyotef I
3	Intef II	Antef II, Anjotef II, Inyotef II	2066–2017
4	Intef III	Antef III, Anjotef III, Inyotef III	2016–2009
5	Mentuhotep II	Montuhotep II	2009–1959
6	Mentuhotep III	Montuhotep III	1958–1947
7	Mentuhotep IV	Montuhotep IV	1947–1940

Dynasty XII

#	Pharaoh	Alternate names	Reign (BC)
1	Amenemhat I	Amenemhet I	1939–1910
2	Senusret I	Senusret I, Senwosret I	1920–1875
3	Amenemhat II	Amenemhet II	1878–1843
4	Senusret II	Senusret II, Senwosret II	1845–1837
5	Senusret III	Senusret III, Senwosret III, Sesostris	1837–1819
6	Amenemhat III	Amenemhet III	1818–1773
7	Amenemhat IV	Amenemhet IV	1772–1764
8	Neferusobek	Sobekneferu	1763–1760