Caligula in hieroglyphs

The third pharaoh of the Roman Emperors, a.k.a. Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus

Precedessor
Tiberius

Successor
Claudius

Reign of Caligula
37–41

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus name

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Ka nakht iakhw setut Ra Iah
kꜢ-nḫt iꜢḫ-stwt-rꜤ-iꜤh
The strong bull, the light of the sun and the moon's rays
E1-nw*Z9:D40-G25-x:W-s-t:W-N8-Z2A-C2B-C1A
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 76e
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 252-253, 3:H

Kaisaros

The Greek title Kaisaros is the equivalent of the Latin title Caesar.
It was always written in a cartouche.

Kaisaros
Kyseres Kernykes ankh djet
kysrs krwnyḳs?
Caesar Germanicus, living forever
q&Ai-i-s-S56&Ai-i-s-S56:l-z:S56*r-Aa56-nw-i-i-q:V6-anx-D&t:N17
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 76e
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 252-253, 3:E1

Autokrator

The Greek epithet Autokrator is the equivalent of the Latin epithet Imperator (Commander).
It was always written in the cartouche.

Autokrator
Autokrator heqa heqau mery Ptah Aset
Ꜣwtkrtr ḥḳꜢ-ḥḳꜢw mri-ptḥ-Ꜣst
Emperor and ruler of rulers, beloved by Ptah and Isis
A23E-HqA-Z2A-A-W*t:g-rw:d:r-C102\-C159A
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 76d
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 252-253, 3:T

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 21 (1917): 41–47
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 252–253
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