Tafnakht in hieroglyphs

The first pharaoh of the Twenty-fourth Dynasty,

Precedessor
Rudamun

Successor
Bakenrenef
Reign of Tafnakht
Dodson735–727

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Sia khet  The Dual King Shepses Ra  Son of Ra Tayef nakht

Horus name

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Sia khet
sꞽꜢ-ẖt
The one who understands inner (feelings)
Tefnakht stele in Athens
Spiegelberg, Die Tefnachtosstele des Museums von Athen, RecTrav 25 (1903): 191
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 202-203, 1:H

Nebty name

Nebty name

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Nebty name
Sia khet
sꞽꜢ-ẖt-nbtꞽ
The one who understands inner (feelings)
Tefnakht stele in Athens
Spiegelberg, Die Tefnachtosstele des Museums von Athen, RecTrav 25 (1903): 191
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 202-203, 1:N

Golden Horus name

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
Nebty name
Bik nebu
bꞽk-nbw
Golden Horus
Tefnakht stele in Athens
Spiegelberg, Die Tefnachtosstele des Museums von Athen, RecTrav 25 (1903): 191
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 202-203, 1:G

Throne name

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Shepses Ra
Shepses Ra
špss-rꜤ
The noble one belonging to Ra
Tefnakht stele in Athens
Spiegelberg, Die Tefnachtosstele des Museums von Athen, RecTrav 25 (1903): 191
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 202-203, 1:T

Birth name

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Tayef nakht
Tayef nakht
tꜢ.f-nḫtw
Tafnakht
Tefnakht stele in Athens
Spiegelberg, Die Tefnachtosstele des Museums von Athen, RecTrav 25 (1903): 191
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 202-203, 1:E2

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTranscriptionReign
Diodorus 1.45.2 Τνεφαχθον Tnephachthon

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 407–409
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 202–203
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 158–159
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