Neferusobek is the first queen of Egypt that can be verified to actually have ruled as a pharaoh. Her name is present in Manetho's king list as Skemiophris, which is a transcription into Greek of her birth name. Her name is also found in the Turin Canon preserving her reign as 3 years, 10 months and 24 days. Her throne name is found on the Saqqara king list number 22, and her birth name might have occupied Karnak king list number 22.
| Precedessor Successor | |
|---|---|
| Reign of Neferusobek | |
| AE Chronology | 1763–1760 |
| v. Beckerath | 1798–1794 |
| Shaw | 1777–1773 |
| Dodson | 1785–1781 |
| Arnold | 1787–1783 |
| Malek | 1805–1801 |
| Grimal | 1790–1785 |
| Franke | 1763–1759 |
| Redford | 1790–1786 |
| Turin King List | 3y 10m 24d |
| Manetho (Africanus) | 4 years |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus Meryt Ra The Dual King Sobek ka Ra Son of Ra Sobek neferu Ra
Horus names
The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:H2
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:H1
Nebty name
The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:N
Golden Horus name
Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:G
Throne name
Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:T
Birth names
Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.
Traces of neferu visible on early drawings.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:E5
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) VI:2
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:E4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:E3
Reisner, "Excavations in Egypt and Ethiopia 1922-1925". BMFA 23, 21
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 8:E1
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus xii, 7 | Σκεμιoφρις | Scemiophris | 4 years |
Bibliography
- Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 341–343
- Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 86–87
- Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 60
- Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 455–457
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