The first pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty, a.k.a. Ramses I
| Precedessor Successor | |
|---|---|
| Reign of Ramesses I | |
| AE Chronology | 1292–1291 |
| von Beckerath | 1292–1290 |
| Shaw | 1295–1294 |
| Dodson | 1298–1296 |
| Arnold | 1307–1306 |
| Malek | 1295–1294 |
| Grimal | 1295–1294 |
| Redford | 1315–1314 |
| Manetho (Josephus) | 1y 4m |
| Highest attestation | Year 2 |
Ramesses I was already an old man when he was chosen by Horemheb to succeed him upon his death. The new dynasty he founded was only just starting up when Ramesses I died, and his son Seti I ascended the throne, ensuring that the dynasty lived on. Seti might well have been a reason Ramesses was chosen as succession from father-to-son had been non-existent since the death of Akhenaten
Ramesses I's almost ephemeral reign meant that he didn't get to build much, but that was soon remedied by his son, who became a very prolific builder, who in turn was outdone his son, Ramesses II.
Ramesses I's almost ephemeral reign meant that he didn't get to build much, but that was soon remedied by his son, who became a very prolific builder, who in turn was outdone his son, Ramesses II.
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus Ka nakht wadj nesyt The Dual King Men pehty Ra Son of Ra Ramessu
Horus names
The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.
Horus name
Ka nakht wadj nesyt
kꜢ-nḫt wꜢḏ-nsyt
The strong bull, he who rejuvenates the royalty
Brussels E.2171
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:8
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:H
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:8
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:H
Horus name variant
Ka nakht wadj nesyt
kꜢ-nḫt wꜢḏ-nsyt
The strong bull, he who rejuvenates the royalty
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography , VII, 130 (4)
Louvre C57 stele
Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie , I, plate 1 (2)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 2:9
Louvre C57 stele
Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie , I, plate 1 (2)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 2:9
Nebty name
The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Nebty name
Kha em nisut mi Itemu
ḫꜤꞽ-m-nsw-mꞽ-ꞽtm
He who appears as a king, like Atum
Brussels E.2171
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:8
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:N
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:8
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:N
Golden Horus name
Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.
Golden Horus name
Semen Maat khet tawy
smn-mꜢꜤt-ḫt-tꜢwꞽ
Who established
Maat throughout the Two Lands
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography , VII, 130 (4)
Louvre C57 stele
Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie , I, plate 1 (2)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 2:9
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:G2
Louvre C57 stele
Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie , I, plate 1 (2)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 2:9
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:G2
Throne names
Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.
Throne name
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Copenhagen National Museum obelisk fragment No. 468
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 5:3
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 5:3
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 3:16; 4:2
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:T4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:T4
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Louvre C57 stele
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 2:6
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 123a
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 2:6
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 123a
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Brussels E.2171
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:12
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:T1
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:12
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:T1
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography , VII, 130 (4)
Louvre C57 stele
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 2:10
Rosellini, Monumenti Storici, IV.1 plate XLV (1)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:T2
Louvre C57 stele
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 2:10
Rosellini, Monumenti Storici, IV.1 plate XLV (1)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:T2
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 4:9
ASAE , 4, 182
ASAE , 4, 182
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Abydos Canon no. 75
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Saqqara Canon no. 3
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 3:10
Louvre E 7690 (pedestal of a statue)
Louvre E 7690 (pedestal of a statue)
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra, heqa Maat
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-mꜢꜤt
Eternal is the Strength of Ra, ruler of Maat
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 5:4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:T5
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:T5
Throne name variant
Men pehty Ra, tit Ra
mn-pḥtꞽ-rꜤ tꞽt-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra, the image of Ra
Brussels E.2171
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:5
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:T6
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:5
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:T6
Birth names
Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.
Birth name
Ramessu
rꜤ-msꞽ-sw
Ra has fashioned him
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:15
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 123a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:E1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 123a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:E1
Birth name variant
Ramessu
rꜤ-msꞽ-sw
Ra has fashioned him
Brussels E.2171
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:E3
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:E3
Birth name variant
Ramessu
rꜤ-msꞽ-sw
Ra has fashioned him
Brussels E.2171
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:12
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:E2
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 1:12
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:E2
Birth name variant
Ramessu heqa Maat
rꜤ-msꞽ-sw ḥḳꜢ-mꜢꜤt
Ramesses, ruler of Maat
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 3:8
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:E4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 1:E4
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|
| Josephus 97 | Pαμεσσης | Ramesses | 1 year, 4 months |
Bibliography
- Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 2–9
- Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 148–149
- Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 109
- Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 305–307
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Make sure you use the correct source!
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Make sure you use the correct source!
Yes, you would be surprised...
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