Seti I in hieroglyphs

The second pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty, a.k.a. Sethos I, Sety I

Seti I imitated Thutmose III’s Horus name by using the same one, but adding -sankhtawy, “sustaining the Two Lands,” to it. His splendid mortuary temple at Abydos contain more than thirty Horus names, but they were probably only used in the specific rituals.

Precedessor Ramesses I Successor Ramesses II
Reign of Seti I
AE Chronology	1290–1279
v. Beckerath	1290–1279
Shaw	1294–1279
Dodson	1296–1279
Arnold	1306–1290
Malek	1294–1279
Grimal	1294–1279
Redford	1314–1304
Manetho (Josephus)	59 years
Manetho (Africanus)	51 years
Manetho (Eusebius)	55 years
Manetho (Jerome)	55 years
Highest attestation	Year 11

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy The Dual King Men Maat Ra Son of Ra Seti, mer en Ptah

Horus names

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name

Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy

kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi

The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes and sustains the Two Lands

E1:D40-m&xa-R19-s-M127-anx-wAD

Chapels of Isis and Horus ceiling insription
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 40 j/k/m
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H1b

Horus name variant A1

Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy

kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi

The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes and sustains the Two Lands

E1:D40-m&xa-R19-s-anx-N17:N17:N21*N21

Chapel of Sethos, west wall false door
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 34
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H1a

Horus name variant A2

Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy

kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi

The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes and sustains the Two Lands

E1:D40-m&xa-R19-s-anx-n:x-N17:N17:N17

Chapel of Sethos, west wall false door
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 34

Horus name variant A3

Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy

kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi

The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes and sustains the Two Lands

E1:D40-m&xa-R19-s-anx-n\60:x-N17:N17:N17

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 34

Horus name variant A4

Ka nakht kha em Waset

kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst

The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes

E1:D40-m&xa-R19

Passim
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:H28

Horus name variant B1

Ka nakht sankh tawy

kꜢ-nḫt sꜤnḫ-tꜤwi

The Strong bull who sustains the Two Lands

E1:D40-s-anx-n:x-N17:N17

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 39:2, alabaster stele
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H2

Horus name variant B2

Ka nakht sankh tawy

kꜢ-nḫt sꜤnḫ-tꜤwi

The Strong bull who sustains the Two Lands

E1:D40-s-anx-N17:N17

East face, Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 106:5, §51

Horus name variant B3

Ka nakht sankh tawy

kꜢ-nḫt sꜤnḫ-tꜤwi

The Strong bull who sustains the Two Lands

E1:D40-z:anx*(n:Aa1)-N17:N17:N21*N21

Flaminian Obelisk South base

Horus name variant B4

Ka nakht sankh tawy

kꜢ-nḫt sꜤnḫ-tꜤwi

The Strong bull who sustains the Two Lands

E1:D40-s-anx-N17:N17:N21*N21

Main text Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 105:9, §51

Horus name variant C1

Ka nakht mery Ra

kꜢ-nḫt mri-rꜤ

The strong bull, beloved of Ra

E1:D40-ra:Z1-A41-mr-i-i

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 233:13
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H3

Horus name variant C2

Ka nakht mery Maat-Ra

kꜢ-nḫt mri-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ

The strong bull, beloved of Maat and Ra

E1:D40-ra:Z1-A41-C10A-mr

Flaminian obelisk, western center face
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H4

Horus name variant C3

Ka nakht mery en Amun

kꜢ-nḫt mri.n-imn

Strong bull beloved of Amun

E1:D40-U7:r:n-i-mn:n

Chapel of Amun-Ra entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40

Horus name variant D1

Ka nakht sa Atum

kꜢ-nḫt zꜢ-itm

The Strong bull, son of Atum

E1:D40-H8:Z1-t:U15

Flaminian Obelisk North base
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H8

Horus name variant D2

Ka nakht sa Amun

kꜢ-nḫt zꜢ-imn

Strong bull and son of Amun

E1:D40-zA&Z1-i-mn:n

Chapel of Amun-Ra entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H20

Horus name variant E1

Ka nakht kha khau

kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤ-ḫꜤw

Strong bull the (very) appearance of appearances

E1:D40-xa:a:xa*Z2

Mariette, Abydos, I, 49b
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 185:12
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:H27

Horus name variant E2

Ka nakht kha hedjet mery Ra

kꜢ-nḫt ḳꜢi-ḥḏt mri-rꜤ

Strong bull (whose) White Crown is hign, beloved of Ra

E1:D40-q-A28-S1-C2A-mr

ASAE , 9, 81
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H11

Horus name variant E3

Ka nakht kha em hedjet mery Ra

kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-ḥḏt mri-rꜤ

Strong bull who appeared in the White Crown, beloved of Ra

E1:D40-m&xa-S1-C2A-mr

ASAE , 9, 81
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H9

Horus name variant F1

Ka nakht sekhem khepesh

kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš

The strong bull and strong-armed one

E1:D40-sxm-G87-x*p:N37:F24

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , III, 18
Thickness of entrance from inner Osiris hall to chapel of Osiris

Horus name variant F2

Ka nakht sekhem khepesh

kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš

The strong bull and strong-armed one

E1:D40-sxm-m-D40:F24

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, 53 (B)
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Ptah entrance thickness

Horus name variant F3

Ka nakht sekhem khepesh

kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš

The strong bull and strong-armed one

E1:D40-sxm-T16A

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 35

Horus name variant F4

Ka nakht sekhem khepesh

kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš

The strong bull and strong-armed one

E1:D40-sxm-m-x*p:N37:F24-T16

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, 53 (E)
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Re-Harakhti entrance thickness

Horus name variant F5

Ka nakht sekhem khepesh

kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš

The strong bull and strong-armed one

E1:D40-sxm-m-D40:xpS:D40

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, 55 (A)
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Osiris entrance thickness

Horus name variant F6

Ka nakht sekhem khepesh pedjut 9

kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš-pḏt

The strong bull of who defeated the Nine Bows

E1:D40-sxm-T16A-r:pD-t*Z2:Z2*Z2

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, 55 (D)
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Isis entrance thickness

Horus name variant G1

Ka nakht sekhem pehty

kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-pḥty

The strong bull, powerful of might

E1:D40-sxm-F9*F9:D40

Mariette, Abydos, I, plate 49b+c (stairs)

Horus name variant G2

Ka nakht sekhau der pedjut 9

kꜢ-nḫt s-ḫꜤw-pḏt

The strong bull of appearances has repelled the Nine Bows

E1:D40-s-xa:Z2-D37:pD-t*Z2:Z2*Z2

Chapel of Ptah, southern thickness of entrance door
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, plate 41

Horus name variant H1

Ka nakht wehem mesut

kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-mswt

Strong bull who has renewed births

E1:D40-F25-m-ms-t&w&Z2

Chapel of Isis, south side entrance door thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 36

Horus name variant H2

Ka nakht wehem mesut

kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-mswt

Strong bull who has renewed births

E1:D40-F25-m-ms*w:t*Z2

Chapel of Re-Harakhti, north side
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40

Horus name variant H3

Ka nakht wehem mesut

kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-mswt

Strong bull who has renewed births

E1:D40-F25-ms-s-w:t*Z2

Chapel of Osiris entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , III, 18

Horus name variant I

Ka nakht der pedjut 9

kꜢ-nḫt dr-pḏt

The strong bull who repelled the Nine Bows

E1:D40-d:r:D40-pD:t*Z2:Z2*Z2

Second hypostyle Hall, chapels entrance thicknesses
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, plate 53

Horus name variant J1

Ka nakht wehem khau

kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-ḫꜤw

Strong bull who has repeated apparitions

E1:D40-F25-xa:Z2

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 35

Horus name variant J2

Ka nakht wehem khau

kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-ḫꜤw

Strong bull who has repeated apparitions

E1:D40-F25-m-xa:a-Y1:Z2

Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, 53 (E)

Horus name variant K

Ka nakht wah nesut

kꜢ-nḫt wꜢḥ-nswt

The strong bull, enduring of kingship

E1:D40-wAH-H-Y1v-sw*i*i:t*Z2

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 41
Chapel of Ptah entrance thickness

Horus name variant L1

Ka nakht wer biaut

kꜢ-nḫt wr-biꜢ-tw

Strong bull, great of marvels

E1:D40-wr:r-U16:t*Z2

Chapel of Ptah north side entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 41

Horus name variant L2

Ka nakht wer nesyt

kꜢ-nḫt wr-nsyt

The strong bull, great of kingship

E1:D40-wr:r-sw-t-i-i

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 36
Chapel of Horus, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H14

Horus name variant M

Ka nakht wehem sekhemty(?)

kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-sḫmty

Strong bull who has renewed power

E1:D40-F25-m-S5-Z3

Mariette, Abydos, I, plate 14a
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , III, plate 18 and IV, plate 53

Horus name variant N1

Ka nakht tit Amun

kꜢ-nḫt tit-imn

The strong bull, the (very) image of Amun

E1:D40-t:D17-i-mn:n

Chapel of Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H21

Horus name variant N2

Ka nakht tit Ra Atum

kꜢ-nḫt tit-rꜤ-itm

The strong bull, the (very) image of Ra-Atum

E1:D40-ra:D17:t-t:U15

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40
Chapel of Re-Harkhti, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H18

Horus name variant O1

Ka nakht user pedjut

kꜢ-nḫt wsr-s-pḏtw

The strong bull with strong troops

E1:D40-wsr-s-pD:pD:pD

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 41; III, 18

Horus name variant O2

Ka nakht user pedjut

kꜢ-nḫt wsr-pḏt

The strong bull with strong troops

E1:D40-wsr-s-pD:t:Z2

Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Ptah entrance, south thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, plate 53 (B)

Horus name variant P

Ka nakht user kau

kꜢ-nḫt wsr-kꜢw

The strong bull, who has a strong soul

E1:D40-wsr-s-kA:kA*kA

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 36
Chapel of Horus, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H13

Horus name variant Q

Ka nakht sekheper tawy

kꜢ-nḫt sḫpr-tꜢwi

Strong bull who has created the Two Lands

E1:D40-s-xpr:r-N17:N17:N21*N21

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, 55 (D)
Second hypostyle hall Isis entrance thickness
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H16

Horus name variant R

Ka nakht setep en Amun

kꜢ-nḫt stp.n-imn

Strong bull, chosen of Amun

E1:D40-stp:p:n-i-mn:n

Chapel of Amun-Ra entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:H22

Horus name variant S

Ka nakht wehem hedjet deshret atef

kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-ḥḏt-dšrt-Ꜣtf

The strong bull with renewed crowns

E1:D40-F25-m-S1-S3-S8A

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, 55

Horus name variant T

Ka nakht aa shefyt mery Ra

kꜢ-nḫt ꜤꜢ-šfit mri-rꜤ

Stong bull great of majesty and beloved of Ra

E1:D40-aA:F8-C2A-mr

ASAE , 9, 81
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H10

Horus name variant U

Ka nakht der khasut em nakhtuef

kꜢ-nḫt dr-ḫꜢswt-m-nḫtw.f

The strong bull who has repelled foreign lands with his victories

E1:D40-d:r:D40-N25:t*Z2:Aa15-t*Z2:D40:f

Flaminian obelisk, southern center face
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H5

Horus name variant V

Ka nakht hotep her Maat

kꜢ-nḫt ḥtp-ḥr-mꜢꜤt

The strong bull who has satisfied Maat

E1:D40-Htp:t*p-D2:Z1-C10A

Flaminian Obelisk North center face
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H6

Horus name variant W

Ka nakht iri en Ra

kꜢ-nḫt iri.n-rꜤ

Strong bull begotten of Ra

E1:D40-ir:n-C2

Chapel of Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H19

Horus name variant X

Ka nakht mitet Mentju

kꜢ-nḫt miti-mnṯw

The strong bull, and the likeness of Montu

E1:D40-mi-t*t:Y1-mn:n:T-C17A

Flaminian obelisk, western base
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H7

Horus name variant Y

Ka nakht nedjety Ra

kꜢ-nḫt nḏti-rꜤ

The strong bull and protector of Ra

E1:D40-Aa27-nw:t*y:D40-ra:Z1-A40

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 36
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:H25

Horus name variant Z

Ka nakht sa Kheper

kꜢ-nḫt zꜢ-ḫpri

Strong bull and son of Khepri

E1:D40-zA&Z1-xpr:r-i

Chapel of Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 148-149, 2:H17

Horus name variant α

Ka nakht sa Wesiri

kꜢ-nḫt zꜢ-wsiri

Strong bull and son of Osiris

E1:D40-zA&Z1-ir:st*A40

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 36
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:H24

Horus name variant β

Ka nakht sekha en Ra

kꜢ-nḫt s-ḫꜤ-n-rꜤ

Strong bull whom Ra has caused to appear

E1:D40-s-xa:a:a:n-ra:Z1-A41

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 36
Chapel of Isis, north side entrance thickness

Horus name variant γ

Ka nakht ...

kꜢ-nḫt s-nb-pr(w)-niwt(w)

The strong bull...

E1:D40-z:nb-pr:pr-pr:O49-O49:O49

Chapel of Re-Harakhti north side entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 40

Horus name variant δ

Ka nakht aa khepesh

kꜢ-nḫt ꜤꜢ-ḫpš

The Strong bull, great of strong arm

E1:D40-aA:a:xpS

Mariette, Abydos, I, 49b
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 185:10
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:H26

Horus name variant ε

Ka nakht aa pehty

kꜢ-nḫt ꜤꜢ-pḥty

The Strong bull great of might

E1:D40-aA:F9*F9

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, 35

Nebty names

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name

Wehem mesut sekhem khepesh der pedjut 9

wḥm-mswt sḫm-ḫpš dr-pḏt-Ꜣ

Renewing births, the strong-armed one who has repelled the Nine Bows

F25-ms-s-w-t-sxm-x*p:O39:xpS-d:r:D40-pD:t-Z2:Z2:Z2

Beth-Shan stele of Seti I
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 11:15
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:N1a

Nebty name variant A1

Wehem mesut sekhem khepesh der pedjut 9

wḥm-mswt sḫm-ḫpš dr-pḏt-Ꜣ

Renewing births, the strong-armed one who has repelled the Nine Bows

wHm-ms-w&t-sxm-M:D40:T16-d:r:D40-T9A:t*Z2:Z2*Z2

Seti I shrine at Kanais
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 65:14

Nebty name variant B1

Sekhem pehty der pedjut 9

sḫm-pḥty dr-pḏt-9

The powerful of might who has repelled the Nine Bows

sxm-F9:t*t-d:r:D40-T10:t*Z2:Z2*Z2

Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:N2b

Nebty name variant B2

Sekhem pehty der pedjut 9

sḫm-pḥty dr-pḏt-9

The powerful of might who has repelled the Nine Bows

sxm-F9:F9-d:r:D40-T10:t*Z2:Z2*Z2

Main text Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 105:9, §51

Nebty name variant B3

Sekhem khepesh der pedjut 9

sḫm-ḫpš dr-pḏt-9

The strong-armed one who has repelled the Nine Bows

sxm-G87-x*p:O39-xpS-d:r:D40-pD:t*Z2-Z2:Z2

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 233:15
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:N2a

Nebty name variant C

Men menu djet neheh

mn-mnw-ḏt-nḥḥ

Enduring of monuments forever

mn:n:Y1-mn:nw*nw*nw-D&t:N17-H-ra-H

Flaminian obelisk, southern center face
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:N4

Nebty name variant D

Men menu em hutaat Maat

mn-mnw-m-ḥwt-ꜤꜢt-mꜢꜤt

Enduring of monuments in the Great Mansion of Maat

mn:n:Y1-mn:n:nw*nw*nw-m-O90-t:pr-Sw

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 233:13
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:N3

Nebty name variant E

Mentju en ta mek Kemet

mnṯw-n-tꜢ mk-kmt

Montu of the land, the protector of Egypt

mn:n:T-w-A40-n:N17-Aa15:a:k-I6:t*O49

Flaminian obelisk, northern center face
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:N6

Nebty name variant F

Wafkhasut Dermentju

wꜤf-ḫꜢswt dr-mnṯiw

Who has subdued the foreign lands and repelled the bedouin

G45-f:W:D40-N25:Z2-d:r:D40-mn:n-G4&t-Z2-T14

Flaminian obelisk, westerm center face
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:N5

Golden Horus names

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name

Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu

wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw

Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands

F25-xa:a:Z2-wsr-s-r:D40-pD:t*Z2-m-N17:N17:N17-nb:Z2

Beth-Shan stele of Seti I
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 11:15-16

Golden Horus name variant A1

Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu

wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw

Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands

F25-HDt-N-S8-F78-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17:nb

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 193
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:G1b

Golden Horus name variant A2

Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu

wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw

Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands

F25-xa:Z2-wsr-s-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17-nb:Z2

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 71:3
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:G1a

Golden Horus name variant A3

Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu

wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw

Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands

F25-xa:Z2-wsr-s-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17:N21*N21*N21-nb:Z2

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 64:14-15

Golden Horus name variant A4

Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu

wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw

Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands

wHm-xa:3-wsr-T10:T10:T10-m-tA:tA:tA:N21*N21*N21-nb:Z2

Seti I shrine at Kanais
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 65:14-15

Golden Horus name variant B1

User pedjut em tau nebu

wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw

The one who is strong of troops in all lands

wsr-z:r:D40-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17:N21*N21*N21-nb:nb:nb

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 39
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:G2

Golden Horus name variant B2

User pedjut em tau nebu

wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw

The one who is strong of troops in all lands

wsr-s-T10:t*Z2:M-N17:N17:N17-nb:Z2

East face, Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 106:5, §51

Golden Horus name variant B3

User pedjut em tau nebu

wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw

The one who is strong of troops in all lands

wsr-s-T10:T10:T10-M:N17:N17:N17-nb:Z2

Main text Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 105:9, §51

Golden Horus name variant C

Mer en Ra saa kaef

mri.n-rꜤ sꜤꜢ-kꜢ-f

Whom Ra has loved, who has magnified his ka

C2-mr-r:n-s-aAv-D29:f

Flaminian obelisk, western center face
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:G6

Golden Horus name variant D

Nefer renput, sankh tawy

nfr-rnpwt sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi

Perfect of years, who has sustained the Two Lands

nfr-rnp-rnp-rnp-s-anx-n:x:N17:N17

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 161
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:G7

Golden Horus name variant E

Akh en ituef seqa persen

Ꜣḫ-n-itw.f sḳꜢ pr.sn

The one beneficial to his fathers, who has exalted their temples

G25&x:n-t:f:f:f-s-q-A28-O1:Z1-z:n:Z2

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 233
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:G3

Golden Horus name variant F

Sehotep Ra em merretef

sḥtp-rꜤ m mrrt.f

Who pleases Ra with whatever he (i.e., Ra) wishes

s-Htp:t*p-m&ra-U7:r:r-t*Z2:f

Flaminian obelisk, southern face
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 118:4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:G4

Golden Horus name variant G

Sekhem netjeri iren Khepri

sḫm-nṯri ir.n ḫpri

Divine power whom Khepri has begotten

sxm-Z1-A43L-nTr-t:D4:Y1:n-xpr:r-i-A40

Flaminian obelisk, northern face
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 118:7
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 152-153, 2:G5

Throne names

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name

Men Maat Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra

ra-C10A-mn

Abydos Canon no. 76

Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:T1

Throne name variant A1

Men Maat Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra

ra-mn-C10A

Saqqara Canon no. 2

Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:T2

Throne name variant A2

Men Maat Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra

ra-C10A-mn:n

Medinet Habu king-list 13
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:T1

Throne name variant A3

Men Maat Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra

ra-mn:n-H6

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 59:5
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:T3

Throne name variant A3

Men Maat Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra

ra-mn:n-U5:a-t-Sw-Y1:Z2

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 244:11
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:T4

Throne name variant B

Men Maat Ra, heqa tawy

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-tꜢwi

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, ruler of the Two Lands

ra:mn-C10A-HqA-q:N17:N17

Assuan Year 9 lesser stela
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 73:13
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 141i
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:T11

Throne name variant C

Men Maat Ra, heqa Waset

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-wꜢst

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, ruler of Thebes

ra:mn-C10A-HqA-R19

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 34, 40k

Throne name variant D

Men Maat Ra, heqa Maat

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-mꜢꜤt

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, ruler of Maat

ra-HqA-C10A-Sw-mn

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 40b
Chapel of Osiris ceiling inscription

Throne name variant E

Men Maat Ra, heqa Iunu

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-iwnw

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, ruler of Heliopolis

ra:mn-C10A-HqA-iwn

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, 34, 36a

Throne name variant F

Men Maat Ra, mer en Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ mr.n-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, whom Ra has loved

ra:mn-C10A-ra*Z1:U7:n

Inner Osiris Hall, eastern architrave
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , III, 30
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 163:14
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:T12

Throne name variant G

Men Maat Ra, ir en Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ iri.n-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, whom Ra engendered

ra:mn-C10A-ra*Z1:ir:n

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , IV, 80

Throne name variant H

Men Maat Ra, iwa Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ iwꜤ-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, the heir of Ra

ra:mn-C10A-ra*Z1:iwa

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , II, plate 9

Throne name variant I

Men Maat Ra, tit Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ tit-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, the (very) image of Ra

ra:mn-C10A-ra:D17

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, plate 36b

Throne name variant J

Men Maat Ra, setep en Ra

mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ

Eternal is the Truth of Ra, chosen of Ra

ra:mn-C10A-stp&n&ra

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I, plate 34d
Chapel of Horus, under-lintel of door in east wall

Birth names

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name

Seti, mer en Ptah

stḥy mri.n-ptḥ

Seti, beloved of Ptah

p:t-H-C7-i*i*mr:n

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 39

Birth name variant A1

Seti, mer en Ptah

stḥy mri.n-ptḥ

Seti, beloved of Ptah

stX-i-i-p:t-H-mr:n

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 244:12
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:E6

Birth name variant A2

Seti, mer en Ptah

stḥy mri.n-ptḥ

Seti, beloved of Ptah

p:t-H-mr-stX*i*i:n

Flaminio obelisk

Birth name variant A3

Seti, mer en Ptah

stḥy mri.n-ptḥ

Seti, beloved of Ptah

p:t-H-stX-i-i-N36:n

Stela from Qadesh
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , 1, 25:6
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:E2

Birth name variant B

Seti, mer en Amun

stḥy mri.n-imn

Seti, beloved of Amun

i-mn:n:U7-stX*i*i:n

Variant used at Thebes
Karnak Northern War scene, great Hyptstyle Hall
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , I, 7
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:E3

Birth name variant C

Wesiri Seti, mer en Ptah

wsiri stḥi mr.i-n-ptḥ

Osiris Seti, beloved of Ptah

p:t-H-A43-V39-i-i-N36:n

Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos , I-IV

Birth name variant D

Seti

stḥy

The one who belongs to (the god) Seth

stX-i-i

Black granite statue (CG 39211)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 150-151, 2:E5

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

Author	Greek	Transcription	Reign
Africanus _{xix, 1}	Σεθως	Sethus	51 years
Eusebius _{xix, 1}	Σεθως	Sethus	55 years
Jerome		Sethus	55 years
Josephus ₉₇	Σεθως	Sethus	59 years

Bibliography

Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 10–33
Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 148–143
Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 109–114
Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 409–413

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Seti I in hieroglyphs

The Royal Titulary

Horus names

Nebty names

Golden Horus names

Throne names

Birth names

The sources of antiquity

Bibliography

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