When Alexander the Great entered Egypt in late October 332 BC, he met no resistance and was crowned Pharaoh at Memphis. He then travelled through the desert to the Temple of Amun at the Siwa oasis, where the oracle confirmed that he was the son of Amun.
After six months, in April of 331 BC, he founded a new city: Alexandria. Shortly thereafter set out to conquer the rest of the Persian Empire and beyond. On his deathbed in Babylon in 323 BC, he expressed his wish to be buried in the temple at Siwa.
| Precedessor Successor | |
|---|---|
| Reign of Alexander the Great | |
| 332–323 | |
| Dodson | 332–323 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus Mek Kemet The Dual King Setep en Ra, mery Amun Son of Ra Aleksindres
Horus names
The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 232-233, 1:H1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 3a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 232-233, 1:H2
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, Text III, 32
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 232-233, 1:H3
Bosch-Puche, The Egyptian Royal Titulary of Alexander, JEA, 99, 134-136
Bosch-Puche, The Egyptian Royal Titulary of Alexander, JEA, 99, 134
Nebty name
The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Bosch-Puche, The Egyptian Royal Titulary of Alexander, JEA, 99, 138-139
Golden Horus name
Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.
Bosch-Puche, The Egyptian Royal Titulary of Alexander, JEA, 99, 140-141
Throne names
Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 232-233, 1:T1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 232-233, 1:T3
Birth names
Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 232-233, 1:E1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 232-233, 1:E2
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 232-233, 1:E3
Bibliography
- Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 20 (1915): 199–203
- Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 232–233
- Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 175–176
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