Kamose in hieroglyphs

The ninth pharaoh of the Seventeenth Dynasty, a.k.a. Kamesiu

Kamose continued and expanded the campaign against the Hyksos of the Fifteenth Dynasty that was started by his father Seqenenra. He advanced north but did not reach the delta, instead focusing on Kush to the south which were allies of the Hyksos. When he suddenly died, his brother Ahmose became king, and he was ultimately the one to finish what his father and brother had started – the explusion of the hated Hyksos rulers.

Precedessor
Seqenenra

Successor
Ahmose I
Reign of Kamose
AE Chronology?–1540
Ryholt1554–1549
Shaw1555–1550
Dodson1553–1549
Redford1571–1569

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Kha her nesetef  The Dual King Wadj kheper Ra  The Dual King Wadj kheper Ra  Son of Ra Ka mesu

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Kha her nesetef
ḫꜤi-ḥr-nst.f
The one who has appeared on his throne
xa:a-D2:Z1-g*t:f
Lacau, Une stèle du roi “Kamosis”, ASAE 39 (1939): 245-271, pls. 37-38
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:H1
Horus name variant
Kha her nesetef
ḫꜤi-ḥr-nst.f
The one who has appeared on his throne
xa:a:Y1-D2:Z1-g:t*O1-f
Gardiner, The Defeat of the Hyksos by Kamōse: The Carnarvon Tablet, No. I, JEA 3 (1916): 97
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:H2
Horus name variant
Nefer hab tawy
nfr-hꜤb-tꜢwi
The perfect one is the sickle of the Two Lands
nfr-K4:A-b-N11:N17:N17
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:H3
Horus name variant
Sedjefa tawy
sḏfꜢ-tꜢwi
The one who has provisioned the Two Lands
s-D:f-D40:N17:N17
von Bissing, Ein thebanischer Grabfund aus dem Anfang des Neuen Reiches, plate 4 (8)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:H4

Nebty names

Two ladies hieroglyphs

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Wehem menu
wḥm-mnw
Who has renewed monuments
F25-Y5:N35-W24*W24:W24
Vandersleyen, L'Egypte et la vallée du Nil, 2, 195
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:N1
Nebty name variant
Wehem menu
wḥm-mnw
Who has renewed monuments
F25-G17-A2-Y5:N35-W24-W-Y1:Z2
Gardiner, The Defeat of the Hyksos by Kamōse: The Carnarvon Tablet, No. I, JEA 3 (1916): 97
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:N2

Golden Horus name

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
Seher tawy
shrw-tꜢwi
The one who has pleased the Two Lands
s-h:r-Y1-N17:N17:N23*N23
Gardiner, The Defeat of the Hyksos by Kamōse: The Carnarvon Tablet, No. I, JEA 3 (1916): 97
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:G

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Wadj kheper Ra
wꜢḏ-ḫpr-rꜤ
The flourishing one is the manifestation of Ra
N5-M13-Y1v-L1
Habachi, The Second Stela of Kamose and the struggle against the Hyksos Ruler and His Capital, ADAIK 8 (1972): pl. 7
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:T1
Throne name variant
Wadj kheper Ra
wꜢḏ-ḫpr-rꜤ
The flourishing one is the manifestation of Ra
ra-w-wAD-xpr
Bissing, Ein Thebanischer Grabfund aus dem Anfang des Neuen Reichs, plate 9 (2)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:T3
Throne name variant
Wadj kheper Ra nakht
wꜢḏ-ḫpr-rꜤ nḫt
The flourishing one is the manifestation of Ra is victorious
ra-wAD-Y1v-xpr-A24
Habachi, The Second Stela of Kamose and the struggle against the Hyksos Ruler and His Capital, ADAIK 8 (1972): pl. 7
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:T2

Birth names

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Ka mesu
kꜢ-ms(w)
The bull is born
D170A-E1-ms-s-Z5
Gardiner, The Defeat of the Hyksos by Kamōse: The Carnarvon Tablet, No. I, JEA 3 (1916): 97
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:E3
Birth name variant
Ka mesu
kꜢ-ms(w)
The bull is born
kA-ms:z
Bissing, Ein Thebanischer Grabfund aus dem Anfang des Neuen Reichs, plate 12 (8-9)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:E4
Birth name variant
Ka mesu nakht(u)
kꜢ-ms(w) nḫt(w)
Kamose the victorious
kA-ms-s-A24
Lacau, Une stèle du roi “Kamosis”, ASAE 39 (1939): 245-271, pls. 37-38
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:E1
Birth name variant
Ka mesu nakht(u)
kꜢ-ms(w) nḫt(w)
Kamose the victorious
kA:D52-ms-s-A24
Habachi, The Second Stela of Kamose and the struggle against the Hyksos Ruler and His Capital, ADAIK 8 (1972): pl. 7
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 15:E2

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 18 (1912): 165–167
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 130–131
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 91
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 162–165
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