Nemtiemsaf I
| Also known as: Nemtyemsaf I, Merenre I | Dynasty VI |
In older literature Nemtiemsaf was known as Antiemsaf, but this has been proven to be incorrect. The correct reading is Nemtiemsaf. His name is included in Manetho's king list as Methousouphis, which could be a Greek transcription of Merenra. To distinguish him from his namesake, Nemtiemsaf II, he is often numbered as Merenra I, but there is no contemporary evidence that Nemtiemsaf II also used Merenra as his throne name. It has only been found in the Abydos king list of Seti I which was created some 900 years later.
| Reign of Nemtiemsaf I | |
|---|---|
| AE Chronology | 2227–2217 |
| von Beckerath | 2260–2254 |
| Shaw | 2287–2278 |
| Dodson | 2219–2212 |
| Allen | 2255–2246 |
| Malek | 2242–2237 |
| Franke | 2250–2245 |
| Redford | 2310–2300 |
| Turin Canon | 20 years |
| Manetho (Africanus) | 7 years |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), II, 115d
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), VI, 4 H
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), II, 115d
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), VI, 4 N
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 62-63, 4:G2
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), II, 115d
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), VI, 4 G1
Karnak king list 16
Chenoboskion Tomb 1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), II, 113g
Meyer, Ägyptische Chronologie, plate 1 (24)
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959), IV:3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 62-63, 4:E
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transliteration | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus vi, 3 | Μεθουσουφις | Methousouphis | Methusuphis | 7 years |
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 62–63
Baker. D. D. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 209–211
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 163–168
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 43
The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.
- Turin king list
223 kings – Dynasty 19 - Abydos Canon
76 kings – Dynasty 19 - Saqqara Canon
58 kings – Dynasty 19 - Karnak Canon
61 kings – Dynasty 18 - Comparing the canons
Abydos, Saqqara and Karnak - Ramesseum Canon
Ramesses II Mortuary Temple - Medinet Habu Canon
Ramesses III Mortuary Temple
Ancient historians
- Herodotus
450 BC – Histories - Manetho
250 BC – Aegyptiaca - Diodorus
50 BC – Bibliotheca Historica - Josephus
100 CE – Against Apion - Africanus
220 CE – Chronographai - Eusebius
325 CE – Chronicon - Jerome
380 CE – Chronicon - Syncellus
800 CE – Egloga Chronographai - Eratosthenes
Probably a forgery (date unknown) - Comparing the sources
Transmission of Manetho
by Africanus et. al.
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