Ramesses I

Also known as: Ramses I Dynasty XIX

Ramesses I was already an old man when he was chosen by Horemheb to succeed him upon his death. The new dynasty he founded was only just starting up when Ramesses I died, and his son Seti I ascended the throne, ensuring that the dynasty lived on. Seti might well have been a reason Ramesses was chosen as succession from father-to-son had been non-existent since the death of Akhenaten

Ramesses I's almost ephemeral reign meant that he didn't get to build much, but that was soon remedied by his son, who became a very prolific builder, who in turn was outdone his son, Ramesses II.

Reign of Ramesses I
AE Chronology1292–1291
von Beckerath1292–1290
Shaw1295–1294
Dodson1298–1296
Malek1295–1294
Arnold1307–1306
Grimal1295–1294
Redford1315–1314
Manetho (Josephus)1y 4m
Highest attestationYear 2

 

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus name
Horus name of Ramesses I: Ka nakht wadj nesyt
Ka nakht wadj nesyt
kꜢ-nḫt wꜢḏ-nsyt
The strong bull, he who rejuvenates the royalty
E1:D40-wAD-sw-t-i-i-Y1:Z2
Brussels E.2171
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:8
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:H
Horus name variant
Horus name of Ramesses I: Ka nakht wadj nesyt
Ka nakht wadj nesyt
kꜢ-nḫt wꜢḏ-nsyt
The strong bull, he who rejuvenates the royalty
E1:D40-wAD-sw-t-i-i-A40B-Z3
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography, VII, 130 (4)
Louvre C57 stele
Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie, I, plate 1 (2)
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 2:9
Nebty name
Nebty name of Ramesses I: Kha em nisut mi Itemu
Kha em nisut mi Itemu
ḫꜤi-m-nsw-mi-itm
He who appears as a king, like Atum
xa:a:Y1-m&t-sw-A44-mi-i-t:U15:Aa15
Brussels E.2171
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:8
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 2:N
Golden Horus name
Golden Horus name of Ramesses I: Semen Maat khet tawy
Semen Maat khet tawy
smn-mꜢꜤt-ḫt-tꜢwi
Who established Maat throughout the Two Lands
s-mn:n-U32-Aa11v-xt:x*t:D54-N21:N21
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography, VII, 130 (4)
Louvre C57 stele
Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie, I, plate 1 (2)
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 2:9
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 2:G2
Throne name
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra:mn-F9
Copenhagen National Museum obelisk fragment No. 468
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 5:3
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra-F9-mn
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 3:16; 4:2
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:T4
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra-mn:n-F9
Louvre C57 stele
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 2:6
, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (), III, 123a
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra:mn-F9-F9
Brussels E.2171
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:12
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:T1
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra:mn-S3-F9
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography, VII, 130 (4)
Louvre C57 stele
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 2:10
Rosellini, Monumenti Storici, IV.1 plate XLV (1)
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 2:T2
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra-F9-F9-mn
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 4:9
ASAE, 4, 182
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra:mn-F9:t*t
Abydos king list 75
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra-F9-t*t:mn
Saqqara king list 3
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra
Men pehty Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra
ra-mn:n-F9-F9
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 3:10
Louvre E 7690 (pedestal of a statue)
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra, heqa Maat
Men pehty Ra, heqa Maat
mn-pḥti-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-mꜢꜤt
Eternal is the Strength of Ra, ruler of Maat
ra:mn-HqA-F9-H6
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 5:4
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:T5
Throne name variant
Throne name of Ramesses I: Men pehty Ra, tit Ra
Men pehty Ra, tit Ra
mn-pḥti-rꜤ tit-rꜤ
Eternal is the Strength of Ra, the image of Ra
ra:mn-F9-F9-ra:D17:t
Brussels E.2171
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:5
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:T6
Birth name
Birth name of Ramesses I: Ramessu
Ramessu
rꜤ-msi-sw
Ra has fashioned him
ra-ms-s-sw-w
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:15
, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (), III, 123a
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:E1
Birth name variant
Birth name of Ramesses I: Ramessu
Ramessu
rꜤ-msi-sw
Ra has fashioned him
ra-ms-s-z
Brussels E.2171
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:6
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:E3
Birth name variant
Birth name of Ramesses I: Ramessu
Ramessu
rꜤ-msi-sw
Ra has fashioned him
ra-ms-s-s
Brussels E.2171
Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244)
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:12
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:E2
Birth name variant
Birth name of Ramesses I: Ramessu heqa Maat
Ramessu heqa Maat
rꜤ-msi-sw ḥḳꜢ-mꜢꜤt
Ramesses, ruler of Maat
ra-ms-s-s-HqA-q-H6
. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 3:8
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 148-149, 1:E4

The complete titulary

Sources containing all five names of the royal titulary

Buhen, stela of Ramesses I, year 2

Kitchen 1975, 2, §3; Louvre stela C57

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTransliterationTranscriptionReign
Josephus 97 Pαμεσσης Rhamesses Ramesses 1 year, 4 months

Bibliography


Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 148–149
The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 305–307
Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 2–9
The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 109

 

End of page
The Royal titulary

The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.

Horus
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.

Nebty
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Golden Horus
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.

Prenomen
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.

Nomen
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.

Kinglists
Ancient historians

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