Ramesses I

Also known as: Ramses I

Dynasty XIX

Ramesses I was already an old man when he was chosen by Horemheb to succeed him upon his death. The new dynasty he founded was only just starting up when Ramesses I died, and his son Seti I ascended the throne, ensuring that the dynasty lived on. Seti might well have been a reason Ramesses was chosen as succession from father-to-son had been non-existent since the death of Akhenaten

Ramesses I's almost ephemeral reign meant that he didn't get to build much, but that was soon remedied by his son, who became a very prolific builder, who in turn was outdone his son, Ramesses II.

Reign of Ramesses I
AE Chronology	1292–1291
von Beckerath	1292–1290
Shaw	1295–1294
Dodson	1298–1296
Malek	1295–1294
Arnold	1307–1306
Grimal	1295–1294
Redford	1315–1314
Manetho (Josephus)	1y 4m
Highest attestation	Year 2

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus name
Ka nakht wadj nesyt kꜢ-nḫt wꜢḏ-nsyt The strong bull, he who rejuvenates the royalty E1:D40-wAD-sw-t-i-i-Y1:Z2
Brussels E.2171 Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244) Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:8 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:H

Variants

Variant
Ka nakht wadj nesyt kꜢ-nḫt wꜢḏ-nsyt The strong bull, he who rejuvenates the royalty E1:D40-wAD-sw-t-i-i-A40B-Z3
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography, VII, 130 (4) Louvre C57 stele Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie, I, plate 1 (2) Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 2:9

Nebty name
Kha em nisut mi Itemu ḫꜤi-m-nsw-mi-itm He who appears as a king, like Atum xa:a:Y1-m&t-sw-A44-mi-i-t:U15:Aa15
Brussels E.2171 Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244) Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:8 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:N

Golden Horus name
Semen Maat khet tawy smn-mꜢꜤt-ḫt-tꜢwi Who established Maat throughout the Two Lands s-mn:n-U32-Aa11v-xt:x*t:D54-N21:N21
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography, VII, 130 (4) Louvre C57 stele Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie, I, plate 1 (2) Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 2:9 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:G2

Throne name
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra:mn-F9
Copenhagen National Museum obelisk fragment No. 468 Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 5:3

Variants

Variant
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra-F9-mn
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 3:16; 4:2 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:T4

Variant
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra-mn:n-F9
Louvre C57 stele Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 2:6 Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 123a

Variant
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra:mn-F9-F9
Brussels E.2171 Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:12 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:T1

Variant
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra:mn-S3-F9
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography, VII, 130 (4) Louvre C57 stele Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 2:10 Rosellini, Monumenti Storici, IV.1 plate XLV (1) Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:T2

Variant
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra-F9-F9-mn
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 4:9 ASAE, 4, 182

Variant
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra:mn-F9:t*t
Abydos king list 75

Variant
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra-F9-t*t:mn
Saqqara king list 3

Variant
Men pehty Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra ra-mn:n-F9-F9
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 3:10 Louvre E 7690 (pedestal of a statue)

Variant
Men pehty Ra, heqa Maat mn-pḥti-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-mꜢꜤt Eternal is the Strength of Ra, ruler of Maat ra:mn-HqA-F9-H6
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 5:4 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:T5

Variant
Men pehty Ra, tit Ra mn-pḥti-rꜤ tit-rꜤ Eternal is the Strength of Ra, the image of Ra ra:mn-F9-F9-ra:D17:t
Brussels E.2171 Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:5 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:T6

Birth name
Ramessu rꜤ-msi-sw Ra has fashioned him ra-ms-s-sw-w
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:15 Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 123a Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:E1

Variants

Variant
Ramessu rꜤ-msi-sw Ra has fashioned him ra-ms-s-z
Brussels E.2171 Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244) Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:6 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:E3

Variant
Ramessu rꜤ-msi-sw Ra has fashioned him ra-ms-s-s
Brussels E.2171 Gardiner, Peet, Cerny The Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate LXVIII (244) Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 1:12 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:E2

Variant
Ramessu heqa Maat rꜤ-msi-sw ḥḳꜢ-mꜢꜤt Ramesses, ruler of Maat ra-ms-s-s-HqA-q-H6
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 3:8 Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 1:E4

The complete titulary

Sources containing all five names of the royal titulary

Buhen, stela of Ramesses I, year 2

Kitchen 1975, 2, §3; Louvre stela C57

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

Author	Greek	Transliteration	Transcription	Reign
Josephus ₉₇	Pαμεσσης	Rhamesses	Ramesses	1 year, 4 months

Bibliography

Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 148–149
Baker. D. D. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 305–307
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 2–9
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 109

Horemheb Dynasty XIX Seti I

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