Senusret III was perhaps the greatest pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty and was deified during his own lifetime. His name is known as Sesostris from Manetho and other ancient historians, which is a transcription corruption of Senusret into Greek. His throne name is present on the Abydos (63) and Saqqara (19) king lists, and his name was likely found at 6.24 on the Turin Canon, where the name unfortunately is lost, but a reign of 30+x years of reign is preserved.
| Precedessor Successor | |
|---|---|
| Reign of Senusret III | |
| AE Chronology | 1837–1819 |
| v. Beckerath | 1872–1853 |
| Shaw | 1870–1831 |
| Dodson | 1881–1840 |
| Arnold | 1878–1841 |
| Malek | 1878–1859 |
| Grimal | 1878–1842 |
| Franke | 1837–1818 |
| Redford | 1878–1843 |
| Turin King List | 30+x years |
| Manetho | 48 years |
| Highest attestation | Year 39 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus Netjer kheperu The Dual King Kha kau Ra Son of Ra Senusret
Horus name
The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 135h
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 5:H
Nebty name
The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 135h
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 5:N
Golden Horus name
Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 135h
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 5:G
Throne names
Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.
Stela of Ikhernofret, (Berlin, ÄM 1204)
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 135h
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 5:T1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 5:T3
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 5:T4
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) V:24
Birth name
Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 135h
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 5:E
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus xii, 3 | Σεσωστρις | Sesostris | 48 years |
| Eusebius xii, 3 | Σεσωστρις | Sesostris | 48 years |
| Herodotus 102.1 | Σεσωστρις | Sesostris | |
| Diodorus 1.53.1 | Σεσοωσις | Sesoosis | 33 years |
| Eratosthenes 34 | Σιστοσιχερμης | Sistosichermes | 55 |
Bibliography
- Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 302–316
- Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 84–85
- Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 59
- Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 397–401
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