Seqenenra in hieroglyphs

The eighth pharaoh of the Seventeenth Dynasty, a.k.a. Seqenenre Tao

Seqenenra Tao is credited with starting the liberation of Egypt from the Hyksos fifteenth dynasty in the north. He was however defeated and taken prisoner by the forces of king Apepi and likely executed. His son Kamose continued and expanded the campaign against the Hyksos.

Precedessor
Senakhtenra

Successor
Kamose
Reign of Seqenenra
Ryholt1558–1554
Dodson1558–1554
Franke?–1545

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Kha em Waset  The Dual King Seqen en Ra  Son of Ra Tao

Horus name

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Kha em Waset
ḫꜤi-m-wꜢs
The one who has appeared in Thebes
N28-D36:Aa15-S40
Winlock, The Tombs of the Kings of the Seventeenth Dynasty at Thebes JEA 10 (1924): 258-259
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 128-129, 14:H

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Seqen en Ra
sḳn.n-rꜤ
The one whom Ra has made brave
-N5-S29-N29-N35:D40:N35
Coffin of king Tao (Cairo Museum, CG 61001, JE 26209)
Piehl, Inscriptions hieroglyphiques, I, LXXVI (N)
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography , I.2, 658
Throne name variant
Seqen en Ra
sḳn.n-rꜤ
The one whom Ra has made brave
N5:O34-N29:N35:N35-A24
Shroud of princess Ahmose from tomb QV47, now in Museo Egizio in Turin
Throne name variant
Seqen en Ra
sḳn.n-rꜤ
The one whom Ra has made brave
N5:O34-N29-N35:D40:N35
Daressy, Notes et remarques, RecTrav 16 (1894): 44 (XCVII)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 128-129, 14:T2
Throne name variant
Seqen en Ra
sḳn.n-rꜤ
The one whom Ra has made brave
N5:O34-N29:N35:N35
Karnak Canon no. 25

Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 128-129, 14:T1
Throne name variant
Seqen en Ra
sḳn.n-rꜤ
The one whom Ra has made brave
N5:O34-N29-N35:N35:D40
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 12d (3)

Birth names

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Tao
ḏḥwty ꜤꜢ(.w)
Taa ("Thoth is great")
X1:O47:Z2-O29:D36:Y1
Axe head, LACMA M.80.203.43
Coffin of king Tao (Cairo Museum, CG 61001, JE 26209)
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography , I.2, 658
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 128-129, 14:E1
Birth name variant
Tao
ḏḥwty ꜤꜢ(.w)
Taa ("Thoth is great")
X1:O47-O29:Z2-D36:Y1
Statue naming princes and princesses
Bouriant, Notes de voyage, RecTrav 11 (1889): 159
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 128-129, 14:E2
Birth name variant
Tao qen
ḏḥwty ꜤꜢ(.w) ḳn
Taa ("Thoth is great") the Brave
X1:X2-O47:Z2-O29-N29:N35:D40
Shroud of princess Ahmose from tomb QV47, now in Museo Egizio in Turin
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 14:E5
Birth name variant
Tao qen
ḏḥwty ꜤꜢ(.w) ḳn
Taa ("Thoth is great") the Brave
X1:O47-O29:D36-N29:N35
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 14:E3
Birth name variant
Tao
ḏḥwty ꜤꜢ(.w)
Taa ("Thoth is great")
X1:N37-Z2:O29-D36:Y1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 130-131, 14:E4

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 18 (1912): 156–161
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 128–131
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 91
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 402–405
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