King Aha is well attested in the archaeological records, but only by his Horus name. As throne names were not yet invented, the consensus is that the names of the early kings in the Abydos king list Teti, and the Turin papyrus' Ity, are instead nebty names. In the king lists of the New Kingdom, the nebty names were placed into cartouches as the scribes were unable to recognize or locate the corresponding names from the ancient sources.
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus Aha The Dual King Teti*
Horus name
The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.
British Museum EA 38010
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 38-39, 1:H
Throne names
Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.
Mariette, Abydos, I, plate 43 (2)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 38-39, 2:E1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 38-39, 2:E2
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) II:12
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus i, 2 | Aθωθις | Athothis | 57 years |
| Eusebius i, 2 | Aθωθις | Athothis | 27 years |
| Eratosthenes 2 | Aθωθης | Athothis | 59 |
Bibliography
- Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 3–4; 29–30
- Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 38–39
- Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 25
- Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 7–8
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