Pharaoh.se

Djer in hieroglyphs

The third pharaoh of the First Dynasty, a.k.a. Hor-Djer

The Abydos King List lists the third pharaoh as Ity, thile the Turin papyrus lists a name beginning with It.. The Manetho list of Africanus give Athothis, while Eusebius give Cencenes.

Precedessor
Aha

Successor
Djet
Reign of Djer
AE Chronology2870–2823
v. Beckerath2974–2927
Malek2939–2892
Grimal3100–3055
Manetho (Africanus)31 years
Manetho (Eusebius)39 years

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King

Horus Djer  The Dual King Iteti*

Horus name

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Djer
ḏr
Defender of Horus
M37
Petrie, Royal Tombs, II, plate XII (3)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 38-39, 3:H

Golden Horus name

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
Ny-nebu*
ni-nbw
He who belongs to the Golden One
n:nbw
BIFAO 12 (1916). p. 163
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 38-39, 3:G

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Iteti*
itti
The ruler
i-t-ti
Abydos Canon no. 3
Mariette, Abydos, I, plate 43 (3)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 38-39, 3:E
Throne name variant
Iteti*
itti
The ruler has arrived
i-ti-t
Cairo fragment 1 recto
Wilkinson, Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt
Throne name variant
It...*
it...
–
i-t-//
Turin King List 3.13
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) II, 13

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTranscriptionReign
Africanus i, 3 Κενκενης Kenkenis 31 years
Eusebius i, 3 Κενκενης Cencenes 39 years
Eratosthenes 3 Aθωθης Athothis 32

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 30–31
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 38–39
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 25
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 92–94
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