Amenemhat II in hieroglyphs

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus Heken em Maat  The Dual King Nebu kau Ra  Son of Ra Amenemhat

Horus names

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name

Heken em Maat

ḥkn-m-mꜢꜤt

Horus who delights in Maat

H-k:n-m-C10

Funerary stele from Abydos (Cairo Museum, JE 12644, CG 20541)
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Horus who delights in Maat
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 3:H1

Horus name variant

Heken em Maat

ḥkn-m-mꜢꜤt

Horus who delights in Maat

H-k:n-m-U4:t

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 124 a14
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Horus who delights in Maat

Horus name variant

Heken em Maat

ḥkn-m-mꜢꜤt

Horus who delights in Maat

H-k:n-m-mA:mAa-a:t

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 123b
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Horus who delights in Maat

Nebty names

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name

Heken em Maat

ḥkn-m-mꜢꜤt

He who delights in Maat

H-k:n-m-C10

Funerary stele from Abydos (Cairo Museum, JE 12644, CG 20541)
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, He who delights in Maat
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 3:N1

Nebty name variant

Heken em Maat

ḥkn-mꜢꜤt

He who delights in Maat

H-k:n-m-U4:t

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 124 a14-15
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, He who delights in Maat

Golden Horus names

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name

Maat kheru

mꜢꜤt-ḫrw

True of voice

U1:Aa11-P8

Funerary stele from Abydos (Cairo Museum, JE 12644, CG 20541)
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, True of voice
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 3:G1

Golden Horus name variant

Maat kheru

mꜢꜤ(t)-ḫrw

True of voice

xrw*Aa11v*G5:nbw

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 123 a15
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, True of voice
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 3:G2

Throne names

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name

Nebu kau Ra

nbw-kꜢw-rꜤ

Golden are the souls of Ra

ra:nbw-kA*kA:kA

Abydos Canon no. 61

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 123-124
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 3:T

Throne name variant

Nebu ka Ra

nbw-kꜢ-rꜤ

The soul of Ra is golden

ra-nbw-kA

Saqqara Canon no. 17
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , III, 481 (17)

Throne name variant

Name missing

–

Turin King List 6.22
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) V:22

Birth names

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name

Amenemhat

imn-m-ḥꜢt

Amun is in front

i-mn:n-m-HAt:t

Niche-stela from Abydos (CG 20531)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 3:E2

Birth name variant

Amenemhat

imn-m-ḥꜢt

Amun is in front

i-mn:n-m-HAt&t

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 124b
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 84-85, 3:E1

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

Bibliography

• Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 284–294
• Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 84–85
• Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 58–59
• Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 23–25