Pharaoh.se

Senusret I in hieroglyphs

The second pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty, a.k.a. Senusret I, Senwosret I

Precedessor
Amenemhat I

Successor
Amenemhat II
Reign of Senusret I
AE Chronology1920–1875
v. Beckerath1956–1911
Shaw1956–1911
Dodson1974–1929
Arnold1971–1926
Malek1960–1916
Grimal1962–1928
Franke1919–1875
Redford1971–1928
Turin King List45 (years)
Manetho46 years
Senusret I was made co-regent with his father, Amenemhat I, twenty years into his fathers reign. His obelisk at ancient Heliopolis in Cairo is the oldest standing obelisk in Egypt, and another less known obelisk sits in the center of a roundabout in Medinet el-Fayyum.

He is included in Manetho's king list as Sesonkhosis, but his name is absent on all the New Kingdom king lists except the Turin Canon (6.21), where part of his name is found along with a 45 year reign.

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Ankh mesut  The Dual King Kheper ka Ra  Son of Ra Senusret

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
anx-ms-t-w
Heliopolis Obelisk
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 118h
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 82-83, 2:H2
Horus name variant
Horus name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
anx-ms:t
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 121
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 82-83, 2:H1
Horus name variant
Horus name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
anx:t-ms:Z2
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 122
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births

Nebty names

Nebty name

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Nebty name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
anx-ms-t-w
Heliopolis Obelisk
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 118h
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 82-83, 2:N1
Nebty name variant
Nebty name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
anx-ms:t
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 121
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 82-83, 2:N2
Nebty name variant
Nebty name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
anx:t-ms:Z2
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 122
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births

Golden Horus names

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
Nebty name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
(anx*ms:t)*G5:nbw
Heliopolis Obelisk
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 118h
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 82-83, 2:G1
Golden Horus name variant
Nebty name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
anx-ms:t
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 121
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 82-83, 2:G2
Golden Horus name variant
Nebty name
Ankh mesut
Ꜥnḫ-mswt
Living of births
anx:t-ms:Z2
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 122
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Living of births

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Kheper ka Ra
ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ
The Ka of Ra is created
ra-xpr-kA
Abydos Canon no. 60
Saqqara Canon no. 16
Heliopolis Obelisk
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 118h
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 82-83, 2:T
Throne name variant
..ka..
//-kꜢ-//
–
//-kA-Z1
Only the last sign of the name Kheperkara remaining
Turin King List 6.21
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) V:21

Birth name

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Senusret
zn-wsrt
Man of Wosret
wsr-s-r:t-z:n
Heliopolis and Crocodilpolis Obelisks
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 118h + 119
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 82-83, 2:E

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTranscriptionReign
Africanus xii, 1 Σεσονχοσις Sesonchosis 46 years
Eusebius xii, 1 Σεσονχοσις Sesonchosis 46 years

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 265–284
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 82–83
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 58
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 390–394
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