Pharaoh.se

Nebra in hieroglyphs

The second pharaoh of the Second Dynasty, a.k.a. Raneb, Kakau

Precedessor
Hotepsekhemwy

Successor
Ninetjer
Reign of Nebra
AE Chronologyc. 2700
v. Beckerath2800–2785
Redford2820–2790
Turin King List95 (years?)
Manetho (Africanus)39 years
The Horus name of Nebra can also be read as Raneb, but the preferred reading is Nebra, as this implies that the king rules over the sun as a celestial body. Reading it as Raneb assumes that Ra was already worshipped as a god, which does not seem to have happened until the third dynasty.
The New Kingdom throne name is of Nebra is Kakau, whose origin is a mystery.

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King

Horus Neb Ra  The Dual King Kakau*

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Neb Ra
nb-rꜤ
Lord of the sun of Horus
nb:ra
Emery, Archaic Egypt, p.93, fig. 56
Winkler, Rock-drawings of Southern Upper Egypt, I, plate 11 (4)
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Lord of the sun of Horus
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 2:H2
Horus name variant
Horus name
Ra neb
rꜤ-nb
Ra is my lord
ra:nb
Maspero, ASAE , 3, 188
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Ra is my lord
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 2:H1

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Kakau*
kꜢ-kꜢw
Bull of bulls
kA-D52:D52:D52
Abydos Canon no. 10

Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 2:1
Throne name variant
Kakau*
kꜢ-kꜢw
Bull of bulls
kA-D52A:D52A:D52A
Saqqara Canon no. 55

Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 2:1
Throne name variant
Kakau*
kꜢ-kꜢw
Bull of bulls
//-D52:E2-w
Turin King List 3.21
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 2:2
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) II:21
Throne name variant
Nub nefer
nbw-nfr
–
nbw:nfr
Lauer, La Pyramide à Degrés, IV, 1 n.100 plate VI 4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 2:E

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTranscriptionReign
Africanus ii, 2 Καιεχως Kaiechos 39 years
Eusebius ii, 2 Χωος Choos
Eratosthenes 7 Στοιχος Stoechus 6

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 38
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 42–43
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 28
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 246–247
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