Ptolemy III in hieroglyphs

The third pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Dynasty, a.k.a. Ptolemaios Euergetes

Precedessor
Ptolemy II

Successor
Ptolemy IV

Reign of Ptolemy III
v. Beckerath246–221
Shaw246–221
Dodson246–222
Redford246–222

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Heken netjeru remetj heref
ḥkn-nṯrw-rmṯ-ḥr.f
The one over whom gods and people have rejoiced
H-k:nw*W-nTr-H4:Z2-D2*Z1:f
Temple of Khonsu propylon at Karnak
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 9a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 234-235, 3:H1
Horus name variant
Horus name
Heken netjeru remetj heref em shesepef nesyt em a itef
ḥkn-nṯrw-rmṯ-ḥr.f m-šsp.f-nsyt-m-Ꜥ-it.f
The one over whom gods and people have rejoiced when he has received the kingship from his father's hand
H-k:nw-nTrw-H4:3-D2:Z1-f:Aa15-O42B-A9-sw:t-i-i-G20-t:f:Z1:f
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums , II, 121:10-11
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 234-235, 3:H2
Horus name variant
Horus name
Heken netjeru remetj heref em shesepef nesyt em a itef
ḥkn-nṯrw-rmṯ-ḥr.f m-šsp.f-nsyt-m-Ꜥ-it.f
The one over whom gods and people have rejoiced when he has received the kingship from his father's hand
H-k:nw*W-nTrw-H4:3-D2*Z1:f-m-O42B:p-D40:f-sw-t-i-i-t:3-G20-t:f:Z1:f
Karnak debris
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, Text III, 40
Horus name variant
Horus name
Heken netjeru remetj heref em shesepef nesyt em a itef
ḥkn-nṯrw-rmṯ-ḥr.f m-šsp.f-nsyt-m-Ꜥ-it.f
The one over whom gods and people have rejoiced when he has received the kingship from his father's hand
H-k:nw-Z3-nTr-nr:3->-D2*Z1:f:M-O42B-Z9:p-v/-sw-t-i-i-G20-t:f:Z1:f
Philae temple
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)

Nebty name

Two ladies hieroglyphs

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Qen nedjti netjeru ineb menekh en ta mery
ḳn nḏti-nṯrw inb-mnḫ-n-tꜢmri
The brave one who has protected the gods, a potent wall for The Beloved Land
q*nw:n:D40-Aa27D-nw:t-Z3-nTr-O36-mnx-n:N17:U7-r:O49*O5U
Philae temple
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 236-237, 3:N

Golden Horus name

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
Wer pehty, ir akhut, neb habu-sed mi Ptah-Tatenen, ity mi Ra
wr-pḥti iri-Ꜣḫt nb-ḥꜢbw-sd-mi-ptḥ-tꜢ-ṯnn ity-mi-rꜤ
Whose might is great, doing that which is beneficial, Lord of the years of Jubilee like Ptah Ta-Tjenen, a ruler like Ra
wr:r-F9*F9:ir-3&Ax&x:nb-O23-Z3-p:t-H-C19A-C18C-mi-i-U33-i-i-A311-mi-N6:Z1
Philae temple
Brugsch, Recueil de Monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (4)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 236-237, 3:G

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Iwa en senwy netjerwy, setep en Ra, sekhem ankh en Amun
iwꜤ-n-nṯrwi-snwi stp.n-rꜤ sḫm-Ꜥnḫ-n-imn
The heir of the two divine brothers, chosen by Ra, the living image of Amun
T22A60&nTr-T22A60&nTr-F44:n-C12-C2-stp:n-sxm-anx-S3
Temple of Khonsu propylon at Karnak
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 9a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 236-237, 3:T1
Throne name variant
Iwa en senwy netjerwy, setep en Ra, sekhem ankh en Amun
iwꜤ-n-nṯrwi-snwi stp.n-rꜤ sḫm-Ꜥnḫ-n-imn
The heir of the two divine brothers, chosen by Ra, the living image of Amun
T22A\60&nTr-T22A\60&nTr-a:a-F44-C12A\-C2A-stp:n-sxm-anx
Philae temple
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 12e
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 236-237, 3:T2
Throne name variant
Iwa en senwy netjerwy, setep en Ra, sekhem ankh en Amun
iwꜤ-n-nṯrwi-snwi stp.n-rꜤ sḫm-Ꜥnḫ-n-imn
The heir of the two divine brothers, chosen by Ra, the living image of Amun
F44-nTr-Z3-T22A-C12A\-C2A-anx-Y18-stp:n
Brugsch, Recueil de monuments Égyptiens, II, plate LXXV (2)
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 12d
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 236-237, 3:T3

Birth names

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Ptolemys ankh djet mery Ptah
ptwlmis Ꜥnḫ-ḏt mri-ptḥ
Ptolemy, who lives eternally, beloved of Ptah
p:t-wA-l:M-i-i-s-anx-D&(t:N16)-p:t-H-mr
Temple of Khonsu propylon at Karnak
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 9a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 236-237, 3:E1
Birth name variant
Ptolemys ankh djet mery Ptah
ptwlmis Ꜥnḫ-ḏt mri-ptḥ
Ptolemy, who lives eternally, beloved of Ptah
p:t-l:W*M-i-i-s-C102A-anx-D&(t:N16)
Philae temple
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, IV, 12d

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 20 (1915): 245–263
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 234–237
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 179–180
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