Siptah in hieroglyphs

The seventh pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty, a.k.a. Merenptah Siptah

Precedessor
Amenmesse

Successor
Tausret
Reign of Siptah
AE Chronology1197–1193
von Beckerath1194–1186
Shaw1194–1188
Dodson1195–1189
Arnold1204–1198
Malek1194–1188
Grimal1196–1190
Redford1215–1209
Highest attestationYear 7
Siptah became pharaoh when his father died, but as he was still only around ten years old, his stepmother Queen Tausret became his regent, and on his death, pharaoh. Siptah is excluded on Ramesses III's list of ancestors at Medinet Habu which can only mean that he was not seen as a legitime pharaoh at the time. Manetho makes no mention of Siptah.

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Ka nakht mery hapy, sankh ta neb em kaef Ra neb  The Dual King Sekha en Ra, mery Amun  Son of Ra Ramessu si Ptah

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Ka nakht mery hapy, sankh ta neb em kaef Ra neb
kꜢ-nḫt mrꞽ-ḥꜤpꞽ sꜤnḫ-tꜢ-nb-m-kꜢ.f-rꜤ-nb
Strong bull, beloved of Hapi, who daily sustains the lands by means of his Ka
Year 1–2
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 363:2
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 160-161, 7:H1
Horus name variant A
Horus name
Ka nakht mery Hapi
kꜢ-nḫt mrꞽ-ḥꜤpꞽ
The strong bull, beloved of Hapi
Year 2–6
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 344:15
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:H4
Horus name variant B
Horus name
Ka nakht mery Hapi
kꜢ-nḫt mrꞽ-ḥꜤpꞽ
The strong bull, beloved of Hapi
Davis, The tomb of Siphthah, xiii, pl. 4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:H3
Horus name variant C
Horus name
Ka nakht wer pehty
kꜢ-nḫt wr-pḥtꞽ
The strong bull, great of might
Year 2–6
Tomb of Siptah, KV 47
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 347:13
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:H6

Nebty name

Nebty name

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Nebty name
Saa Iunu
sꜤꜢ-iwnw ḳꜢb ꜤꜢbt dit mꜢꜤt n rꜤ m-ẖrt-hrw
Enlarging Heliopolis, doubling the offerings, presenting Right to Ra daily
Year 2–6
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 405:6-7
Petrie Museum UC39613
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:N

Golden Horus name

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
Nebty name
.. mi itef Ra
..-mi-it.f-rꜤ
..like his father Ra
Year 2–6
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 405:7-8
Petrie Museum UC39613
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:G

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Sekha en Ra, <i>mery Amun</i>
Sekha en Ra, mery Amun
sḫꜤꞽ.n-rꜤ mrꞽ-ꞽmn
He whom Ra causes to appear, beloved of Amun
Year 1–2
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 363:16
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 160-161, 7:T1
Throne name variant A
Akh en Ra, <i>setep en Ra</i>
Akh en Ra, setep en Ra
Ꜣḫ-n-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Akh spirit of Ra, chosen of Ra
Year 2–6
Randall-McIver, Buhen, I, 36
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:T3
Throne name variant B
Akh en Ra, <i>setep en Ra</i>
Akh en Ra, setep en Ra
Ꜣḫ-n-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Akh spirit of Ra, chosen of Ra
Year 2–6
Tomb of Siptah, KV 47
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 348:2
Throne name variant C
Akh en Ra, <i>setep en Ra</i>
Akh en Ra, setep en Ra
Ꜣḫ-n-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Akh spirit of Ra, chosen of Ra
Year 2–6
Tomb of Siptah, KV47, ceiling corridor (B)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 347:15
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:T4

Birth names

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Ramessu si Ptah
Ramessu si Ptah
rꜤ-msꞽ-sw sꜢ-ptḥ
Ramesses, son of Ptah
Year 1–2
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 363:3
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 160-161, 7:E1
Birth name variant A
Si Ptah <i>mery en Ptah</i>
Si Ptah mery en Ptah
zꜢ-ptḥ mrꞽ.n-ptḥ
Son of Ptah, beloved of Ptah
Year 2–6
Tomb of Siptah, KV 47, ceiling corridor (B)
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 347:15
Birth name variant B
Si Ptah <i>mery en Ptah</i>
Si Ptah mery en Ptah
zꜤ-ptḥ mrꞽ.n-ptḥ
Son of Ptah, beloved of Ptah
Year 2–6
Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions , IV, 345:7
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:E3
Birth name variant C
Si Ptah <i>mery en Ptah</i>
Si Ptah mery en Ptah
zꜢ-ptḥ mrꞽ.n-ptḥ
Son of Ptah, beloved of Ptah
Year 2–6
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 202a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 162-163, 7:E4
Birth name variant D
Si Ptah <i>mery en Ptah</i>
Si Ptah mery en Ptah
zꜢ-ptḥ mrꞽ.n-ptḥ
Son of Ptah, beloved of Ptah
Year 2–6
Petrie, Six Temples, plate XVII (11)
Birth name variant E
Si Ptah <i>mery en Ptah</i>
Si Ptah mery en Ptah
zꜢ-ptḥ merꞽ.n-ptḥ
Son of Ptah, beloved of Ptah
Year 2–6
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 202b

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 140–145
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 160–163
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 124
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 431–434
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