Amenhotep I
| Also known as: Amenophis I | Dynasty XVIII |
Despite his nebty name "He who inspires great fear," Amenhotep I seems to have enjoyed a peaceful and prosperous reign. He embarked on a number of building projects, but most were later dismantled by his successors and used as filling for their own projects. In anticipation of celebrating his Sed festival after at the usual 30 year of reign, he had structures built at Karnak, but was not to be used or completed.
| Reign of Amenhotep I | |
|---|---|
| AE Chronology | 1514–1494 |
| von Beckerath | 1525–1504 |
| Shaw | 1525–1504 |
| Dodson | 1524–1503 |
| Malek | 1525–1504 |
| Arnold | 1525–1504 |
| Grimal | 1526–1506 |
| Redford | 1545–1525 |
| Manetho (Josephus) | 20y 7m |
| Manetho (Africanus) | 24 years |
| Manetho (Eusebius) | 21 years |
| Manetho (Jerome) | 21 years |
| Highest attestation | Year 21 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Naville, The XIth dynasty temple at Deir el-Bahari, I, p.60
Doorway to the Chapel of Amenhotep I (Karnak Open Air Museum)
Legrain, Second rapport sur les travaux exécutés à Karnak, ASAE 4 (1903): 15
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:H1
Borchardt, Geschichte der altägyptischen Zeitmesser, plate 18 (5)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:H2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:N
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:G
Saqqara king list 11
Legrain, Second rapport sur les travaux exécutés à Karnak, ASAE 4 (1903): 15
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:T1
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, IV, 44:5
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:T2
Borchardt, Geschichte der altägyptischen Zeitmesser, 60-63, Pl. 18
Porter & Moss, Topographical Bibliography, I, 457
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:E1
Cerny, BIFAO 27. 183–184
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, VI, 370
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:E3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 132-133, 2:E2
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transliteration | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus xviii, 3 | Αμενωφθις | Amenophthis | Amenophthis | 24 years |
| Eusebius xviii, 3 | Aμμενωφίς | Ammenophis | Ammenophis | 21 years |
| Jerome | Amenophis | 21 years | ||
| Josephus 95 | Aμενωφις | Amenophis | Amenophis | 20 years, 7 months |
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 132–133
Baker. D. D. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 36–39
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 18 (1912): 197–212
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 96
The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.
- Turin king list
223 kings – Dynasty 19 - Abydos Canon
76 kings – Dynasty 19 - Saqqara Canon
58 kings – Dynasty 19 - Karnak Canon
61 kings – Dynasty 18 - Comparing the canons
Abydos, Saqqara and Karnak - Ramesseum Canon
Ramesses II Mortuary Temple - Medinet Habu Canon
Ramesses III Mortuary Temple
Ancient historians
- Herodotus
450 BC – Histories - Manetho
250 BC – Aegyptiaca - Diodorus
50 BC – Bibliotheca Historica - Josephus
100 CE – Against Apion - Africanus
220 CE – Chronographai - Eusebius
325 CE – Chronicon - Jerome
380 CE – Chronicon - Syncellus
800 CE – Egloga Chronographai - Eratosthenes
Probably a forgery (date unknown) - Comparing the sources
Transmission of Manetho
by Africanus et. al.
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