Thutmose II
| Also known as: Tuthmosis II, Thutmosis II | Dynasty XVIII |
The name of the god Thoth is an ancient Greek transcription of the original name Djehuty. Thutmose is a modern compromise between the Greek transcription Thutmosis and Djehutimes. Known as Khebron or Khebros by Manetho, he was placed as the successor of Ahmose, though he was in fact not the second king of the 18th dynasty, but the fourth. The reign order of Manetho is quite unreliable for the entire 18th dynasty. He married his half-sister, Hatshepsut, that would soon become pharaoh.
| Reign of Thutmose II | |
|---|---|
| AE Chronology | 1482–1480 |
| von Beckerath | 1492–1479 |
| Shaw | 1492–1479 |
| Dodson | 1491–1479 |
| Malek | 1492–1479 |
| Arnold | 1492–1479 |
| Grimal | 1493–1479 |
| Redford | 1516–1504 |
| Manetho (Josephus) | 13 years |
| Manetho (Africanus) | 13 years |
| Manetho (Eusebius) | 13 years |
| Manetho (Jerome) | 13 years |
| Highest attestation | Year 1 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 134-135, 4:H
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 134-135, 4:N1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 134-135, 4:G1
Saqqara king list 9
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 134-135, 4:T1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 134-135, 4:T2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 134-135, 4:E2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 134-135, 4:E1
The complete titulary
Sources containing all five names of the royal titulary
Rock inscription at Assuan
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 16a
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transliteration | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus xviii, 2 | Χεβρως | Khebros | Chebros | 13 years |
| Eusebius xviii, 2 | Χεβρων | Khebron | Chebron | 13 years |
| Jerome | Chebron | 13 years | ||
| Josephus 95 | Χεβρων | Khebron | Chebron | 13 years |
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 134–135
Baker. D. D. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 467–469
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 18 (1912): 227–236
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 97–98
The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.
- Turin king list
223 kings – Dynasty 19 - Abydos Canon
76 kings – Dynasty 19 - Saqqara Canon
58 kings – Dynasty 19 - Karnak Canon
61 kings – Dynasty 18 - Comparing the canons
Abydos, Saqqara and Karnak - Ramesseum Canon
Ramesses II Mortuary Temple - Medinet Habu Canon
Ramesses III Mortuary Temple
Ancient historians
- Herodotus
450 BC – Histories - Manetho
250 BC – Aegyptiaca - Diodorus
50 BC – Bibliotheca Historica - Josephus
100 CE – Against Apion - Africanus
220 CE – Chronographai - Eusebius
325 CE – Chronicon - Jerome
380 CE – Chronicon - Syncellus
800 CE – Egloga Chronographai - Eratosthenes
Probably a forgery (date unknown) - Comparing the sources
Transmission of Manetho
by Africanus et. al.
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