Nectanebo I in hieroglyphs

The first pharaoh of the Thirtieth Dynasty, a.k.a. Nectanebis, Nectanebes

Precedessor
Muthis

Successor
Djedhor Teos I
Reign of Nectanebo I
AE Chronology380–362
von Beckerath380–362
Shaw380–362
Dodson380–362
Redford380–363
Manetho (Africanus)18 years
Manetho (Eusebius)10 years

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Tjema a  The Dual King Kheper ka Ra  Son of Ra Nakht nebef

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Tjema a
ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ
The sturdy-armed one
ASAE 6: 122
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:H1
Horus name variant
Horus name
Tjema a
tmꜢ-Ꜥ
The sturdy-armed one
ZÄS 38: 127
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:H2
Horus name variant
Horus name
Tjema a
ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ
The sturdy-armed one
ZÄS 23: 4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:H3
Horus name variant
Horus name
Tjema a
ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ
The sturdy-armed one
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:H4

Nebty names

Nebty name

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Nebty name
Semenekh tawy
smnḫ-tꜢwꞽ
Who has made the Two Lands potent
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286d
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:N1
Nebty name variant
Nebty name
Semenekh tawy
smnḫ-tꜢwꞽ
Who has made the Two Lands potent
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:N2
Nebty name variant
Nebty name
Semenekh tawy
smnḫ-tꜢwꞽ
Who has made the Two Lands potent
Naville, The Shrine of Saft El Henneh, plate 1
Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 37-38
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:N3
Nebty name variant
Nebty name
Semenekh tawy
smnḫ-tꜢwꞽ
Who has made the Two Lands potent
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286b
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:N4

Golden Horus names

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
Nebty name
Ir meret netjeru
ꞽrꞽ-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286f
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:G1
Golden Horus name variant
Nebty name
Ir meret netjeru
ꞽrꞽ-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286b
Golden Horus name variant
Nebty name
Ir meret netjeru
ꞽrꞽ-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286d
Golden Horus name variant
Nebty name
Ir meret netjeru
ꞽrꞽ-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
ZÄS 38: 127
Golden Horus name variant
Nebty name
Ir meret netjeru
ꞽrꞽ-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
Naville, The Shrine of Saft El Henneh, plate 1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:G2

Throne name

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Kheper ka Ra
Kheper ka Ra
ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ
The (very) manifestation of the ka of Ra
Passim
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:T

Birth names

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
ZÄS 38: 127
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E1
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
ASAE , 6, 122
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E2
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
ZÄS 23: 5
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E3
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
Couyat and Montet, MIFAO 34, no. 26
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E4
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286c
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 37
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E5
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 49 (25)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E6
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt.nb.f
The strong one of his lord
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E7
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E8

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTranscriptionReign
Africanus xxx, 1 Νεκτανέβης Nectanebes 18 years
Eusebius xxx, 1 Νεκτανεβης Nektanebes 10 years

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 20 (1915): 183–192
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 226–227
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 171–172
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