Nectanebo I in hieroglyphs

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus Tjema a  The Dual King Kheper ka Ra  Son of Ra Nakht nebef

Horus names

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name

Tjema a

ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ

The sturdy-armed one

T:U2a-Z1:a

ASAE 6: 122
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:H1

Horus name variant

Tjema a

tmꜢ-Ꜥ

The sturdy-armed one

T:U2-a

ZÄS 38: 127
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:H2

Horus name variant

Tjema a

ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ

The sturdy-armed one

T-U4-Z1:a

ZÄS 23: 4
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:H3

Horus name variant

Tjema a

ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ

The sturdy-armed one

d:U2-a

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:H4

Nebty names

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name

Semenekh tawy

smnḫ-tꜢwi

Who has made the Two Lands potent

s-mn:x*mnx-M127-waD

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286d
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:N1

Nebty name variant

Semenekh tawy

smnḫ-tꜢwi

Who has made the Two Lands potent

z:mn:n-x*mnx\R90:N17:N17

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:N2

Nebty name variant

Semenekh tawy

smnḫ-tꜢwi

Who has made the Two Lands potent

z:M127*mnx*wAD

Naville, The Shrine of Saft El Henneh, plate 1
Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 37-38
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:N3

Nebty name variant

Semenekh tawy

smnḫ-tꜢwi

Who has made the Two Lands potent

s-M127-mnx-wAD

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286b
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:N4

Golden Horus names

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name

Ir meret netjeru

iri-mrt-nṯrw

Who has accomplished what the Gods desired

ir:t*Z1:N36-R8A

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286f
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:G1

Golden Horus name variant

Ir meret netjeru

iri-mrt-nṯrw

Who has accomplished what the Gods desired

ir:N36-Z3-R8A

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286b

Golden Horus name variant

Ir meret netjeru

iri-mrt-nṯrw

Who has accomplished what the Gods desired

ir:t:N36-R8A

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286d

Golden Horus name variant

Ir meret netjeru

iri-mrt-nṯrw

Who has accomplished what the Gods desired

R8A-ir:N36

ZÄS 38: 127

Golden Horus name variant

Ir meret netjeru

iri-mrt-nṯrw

Who has accomplished what the Gods desired

ir:(Z1&nTr-Z1&nTr-Z1&nTr)-mr

Naville, The Shrine of Saft El Henneh, plate 1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:G2

Throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name

Kheper ka Ra

ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ

The (very) manifestation of the ka of Ra

ra-xpr-kA

Passim
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:T

Birth names

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

n:x*t:D40-E23:f

ZÄS 38: 127
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E1

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

n:M3-x*t:D40-E23:f

ASAE , 6, 122
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E2

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

n:M3-x:t-D40:nb-f

ZÄS 23: 5
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E3

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

n:M3:x*t-ti-nb:f

Couyat and Montet, MIFAO 34, no. 26
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E4

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

n:M3:x*t-E23:f

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 286c

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

n:x*t:D40-nb:f

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

D40:nb-G6:f

Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 37
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E5

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

D40:x*t-nb:f

Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 49 (25)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E6

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt.nb.f

The strong one of his lord

D40:nb-Z1:f

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E7

Birth name variant

Nakht nebef

nḫt-nb.f

The strong one of his lord

D40-E23:f

Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 285a
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 226-227, 1:E8

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

Bibliography

• Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 20 (1915): 183–192
• Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 226–227
• Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 171–172