Hotepsekhemwy in hieroglyphs

The first pharaoh of the Second Dynasty, a.k.a. Hetepsekhemwy, Hotepsekhemui

The Horus name Hotepsekhemwy is well attested, but his birth name was Hotepnebty. The New Kingdom king list gives his name as Bedjau, Bedjetau, Baunetjer. Due to the hieratic sign similarity of Hotepnebty to Bedjau, it was likely corrupted by later scribes, and. Baunetjer was a further corruption of Bedjau. The names from Manetho, Boethos (Africanus) and Bokhos (Eusebius,) are in turn likely Greek corruptions of Bedjau.

Precedessor
Qaa

Successor
Nebra

Reign of Hotepsekhemwy
AE Chronologyc. 2730
v. Beckerath2828–2800
Malek2765–2750
Redford2850–2820
Manetho (Africanus)38 years

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King

Horus Hotep sekhemwy  The Dual King Bedjau*

Horus name

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Hotep sekhemwy
ḥtp-sḫm.wi
Horus, reconciliation of the two powers
Htp-S42-S42
Petrie, Royal Tombs, II, plate VIII (8-11)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 1:H

Nebty name

Two ladies hieroglyphs

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Hotep nebty
ḥtp
The Two Ladies are satisfied
Htp
Kaplony, Inschriften der ägyptischen Frühzeit, III, 76 (281-2)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 1:N

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Bedjau*
bḏꜢw
The smelter
b-DA-w-P11
Abydos Canon no. 9

Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 1:E2
Throne name variant
Bedjetau*
bḏtꜢw
b-DA-U30-w
Giza writing board from Mastaba G 1011 C, Egyptian Museum, Cairo JE 37734
Brovarski, Two Old Kingdom writing boards from Giza in ASAE 71, plate 1
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 2:E1
Throne name variant
Bau netjer*
bꜢw-nṯr
Divine soul
nTr-G30
Saqqara Canon no. 56
Can also be read as Netjeribau
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 1:1
Throne name variant
...bau netjeru*
..-bꜢ.w-ntr.w
Divine souls
nTr#-G30-R4:Z2
Can also be read as Netjeribau
Turin King List 3.20
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 42-43, 1:2
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) II:20

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTranscriptionReign
Africanus ii, 1 Βoηθoς Boithos 38 years
Eusebius ii, 1 Βωχος Bochus

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 37
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 42–43
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 27–28
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 124–126
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