Amenhotep II
| Also known as: Amenophis II | Dynasty XVIII |
Used to be called Amenophis II, which is the hellenized name of Amenhotep from the ancient Greek historians. The destruction of monuments of Hatshepsut began during his short co-regency with his father and lasted until the most visible ones had been destroyed.
| Reign of Amenhotep II | |
|---|---|
| AE Chronology | 1425–1400 |
| von Beckerath | 1428–1397 |
| Shaw | 1427–1400 |
| Dodson | 1424–1398 |
| Malek | 1427–1401 |
| Arnold | 1427–1401 |
| Grimal | 1425–1401 |
| Redford | 1454–1419 |
| Manetho (Josephus) | 30y 10m |
| Manetho (Africanus) | 31 years |
| Manetho (Eusebius) | 31 years |
| Manetho (Jerome) | 31 years |
| Highest attestation | Year 26 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus name
Ka nakht wer pehty
kꜢ-nḫt wr-pḥti
The strong bull, great of power
E1:D40-wr:F9*F9
Karnak third pylon, southern wall; Tomb of Qenamun (TT93)
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 61; 63a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:H1
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 61; 63a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:H1
Horus name variant
Ka nakht aa pehty
kꜢ-nḫt ꜤꜢ-pḥti
The strong bull, great of might
E1:D40-aA:F9*F9
Gauthier, Livre des Rois d'Égypte, II, 277 (II)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:H2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:H2
Horus name variant
Ka nakht seped abwy
kꜢ-nḫt spd-Ꜥbwi
The strong bull, sharp of horns
E1:D40-M44-F16:F16
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, IV, 1301
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:H3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:H3
Horus name variant
Ka nakht sekhem pehty
kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-pḥti
The strong bull, powerful of might
E1:D40-sxm-t-F9
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, IV, 1362
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:H4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:H4
Nebty name
Kha khau em ipet-sut
ḫꜤ-ḫꜤw m ipt-swt
Radiant of crowns in Karnak
xa*xa:Z2-m-i-p:t-Q1-t:Z2:x
Gauthier, Livre des Rois d'Égypte, II, 277 (II)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:N2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:N2
Nebty name variant
User fau sekha em Waset
wsr-fꜢw sḫꜤi-m-wꜢst
Powerful of splendour, appearing in Thebes
wsr-s-f:F40-w-s-xa:a-m-R19-t:O49
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 65a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:N1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:N1
Golden Horus name
Ity sekhemef em tau nebu
iṯi-sḫm.f-m-tꜢw-nb(w)
Who seizes by his strength in all lands
iTi-sxm*m:f-m-N17:N17:N17:nb
No hieroghlyphs shown by von Beckerath.
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 64b
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:G2
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 64b
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:G2
Golden Horus name variant
Ity sekhemef em tau nebu
iṯi-sḫm.f-m-tꜢw-nb(w)
Who seizes by his strength in all lands
iTi:t:D40-m-sxm-ra:D40:f-m-N17:N17:N17:nb
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 65a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:G1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:G1
Throne name
Aa kheperu Ra
ꜤꜢ-ḫprw-rꜤ
Great are the Manifestations of Ra
ra:aA-xpr-Z2
Abydos king list 71
Saqqara king list 7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:T1
Saqqara king list 7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:T1
Throne name variant
Aa kheperu en Ra
ꜤꜢ-ḫprw-n-rꜤ
Great are the Manifestations of Ra
ra:aA-xpr:Z2-n
Marseille Stela 14
Note, despite the extra en it must belong to Amenhotep II
Note, despite the extra en it must belong to Amenhotep II
Throne name variant
Aa kheperu Ra
ꜤꜢ-ḫprw-rꜤ
Great are the Manifestations of Ra
ra-O29v-xpr-xpr-xpr
Davies, The rock tombs of Amarna, V, p. 7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:T3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:T3
Birth name
Amenhotep
imn-ḥtp(w)
Amun is Satisfied
i-mn:n-Htp:t*p
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, IV, 1316
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E1
Birth name variant
Amenhotep, netjer heqa Iunu
imn-htp nṯr-ḥḳꜢ-iwnw
Amenhotep, God and ruler of Heliopolis
i-mn:n:Htp-nTr-HqA-iwn
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 61-65
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E2
Birth name variant
Amenhotep, heqa Iunu
imn-ḥtp(w) hḳꜢ-iwnw
Amenhotep, ruler of Heliopolis
i-mn:n-Htp-HqA-iwn
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, IV, 1319
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E4
Birth name variant
Amenhotep, netjer heqa Iunu
Amenhotep, God and ruler of Heliopolis
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, IV, 1276
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E3
Birth name variant
Amenhotep, netjer heqa Waset
Amenhotep, God and ruler of Thebes
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, IV, 1327
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E5
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E5
Birth name variant
Amenhotep, heqa Waset
Amenhotep, ruler of Thebes
Champollion, Monuments, I, pl. 2(7)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E6
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E6
Birth name variant
Amenhotep, nesu heqa Waset
Amenhotep, King and ruler of Thebes
Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums, IV, 1368
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 138-139, 7:E7
The complete titulary
Sources containing all five names of the royal titulary
Temple of Amada stele
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 65a; Helck, Urkunden der 18. Dynastie, IV, 1319
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transliteration | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus xviii, 8 | Αμενωφις | Amenophis | Amenophis | 31 years |
| Eusebius xviii, 7 | Aμενωφις | Amenophis | Amenophis | 31 years |
| Jerome | Ammenophis | 31 years | ||
| Josephus 96 | Aμένωφις | Amenophis | Amenophis | 30 years, 10 months |
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 138–139
Baker. D. D. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 40–44
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 18 (1912): 276–290
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 100–101
The Royal titulary
The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.
Kinglists
- Turin king list
223 kings – Dynasty 19 - Abydos Canon
76 kings – Dynasty 19 - Saqqara Canon
58 kings – Dynasty 19 - Karnak Canon
61 kings – Dynasty 18 - Comparing the canons
Abydos, Saqqara and Karnak - Ramesseum Canon
Ramesses II Mortuary Temple - Medinet Habu Canon
Ramesses III Mortuary Temple
Ancient historians
- Herodotus
450 BC – Histories - Manetho
250 BC – Aegyptiaca - Diodorus
50 BC – Bibliotheca Historica - Josephus
100 CE – Against Apion - Africanus
220 CE – Chronographai - Eusebius
325 CE – Chronicon - Jerome
380 CE – Chronicon - Syncellus
800 CE – Egloga Chronographai - Eratosthenes
Probably a forgery (date unknown) - Comparing the sources
Transmission of Manetho
by Africanus et. al.
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