Nectanebo I
| Dynasty XXX |
| Reign of Nectanebo I | |
|---|---|
| AE Chronology | 380–362 |
| von Beckerath | 380–362 |
| Shaw | 380–362 |
| Dodson | 380–362 |
| Redford | 380–363 |
| Manetho (Africanus) | 18 years |
| Manetho (Eusebius) | 10 years |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus name
Tjema a
ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ
The sturdy-armed one
T:U2a-Z1:a
ASAE 6: 122
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:H1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:H1
Horus name variant
Tjema a
tmꜢ-Ꜥ
The sturdy-armed one
T:U2-a
ZÄS 38: 127
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:H2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:H2
Horus name variant
Tjema a
ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ
The sturdy-armed one
T-U4-Z1:a
ZÄS 23: 4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:H3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:H3
Horus name variant
Tjema a
ṯmꜢ-Ꜥ
The sturdy-armed one
d:U2-a
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 285a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:H4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:H4
Nebty name
Semenekh tawy
smnḫ-tꜢwi
Who has made the Two Lands potent
s-mn:x*mnx-M127-waD
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 286d
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:N1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:N1
Nebty name variant
Semenekh tawy
smnḫ-tꜢwi
Who has made the Two Lands potent
z:mn:n-x*mnx\R90:N17:N17
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 285a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:N2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:N2
Nebty name variant
Semenekh tawy
smnḫ-tꜢwi
Who has made the Two Lands potent
z:M127*mnx*wAD
Naville, The Shrine of Saft El Henneh, plate 1
Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 37-38
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:N3
Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 37-38
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:N3
Nebty name variant
Semenekh tawy
smnḫ-tꜢwi
Who has made the Two Lands potent
s-M127-mnx-wAD
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 286b
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:N4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:N4
Golden Horus name
Ir meret netjeru
iri-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
ir:t*Z1:N36-R8A
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 286f
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:G1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:G1
Golden Horus name variant
Ir meret netjeru
iri-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
ir:N36-Z3-R8A
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 286b
Golden Horus name variant
Ir meret netjeru
iri-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
ir:t:N36-R8A
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 286d
Golden Horus name variant
Ir meret netjeru
iri-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
R8A-ir:N36
ZÄS 38: 127
Golden Horus name variant
Ir meret netjeru
iri-mrt-nṯrw
Who has accomplished what the Gods desired
ir:(Z1&nTr-Z1&nTr-Z1&nTr)-mr
Naville, The Shrine of Saft El Henneh, plate 1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:G2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:G2
Throne name
Kheper ka Ra
ḫpr-kꜢ-rꜤ
The (very) manifestation of the ka of Ra
ra-xpr-kA
Passim
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:T
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:T
Birth name
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
n:x*t:D40-E23:f
ZÄS 38: 127
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E1
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
n:M3-x*t:D40-E23:f
ASAE, 6, 122
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E2
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
n:M3-x:t-D40:nb-f
ZÄS 23: 5
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E3
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
n:M3:x*t-ti-nb:f
Couyat and Montet, MIFAO 34, no. 26
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E4
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
n:M3:x*t-E23:f
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 286c
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
n:x*t:D40-nb:f
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 285a
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
D40:nb-G6:f
Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 37
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E5
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E5
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
D40:x*t-nb:f
Marucchi, Catalogo del museo Egizio Vaticano, p. 49 (25)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E6
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E6
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt.nb.f
The strong one of his lord
D40:nb-Z1:f
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 285a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E7
Birth name variant
Nakht nebef
nḫt-nb.f
The strong one of his lord
D40-E23:f
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 285a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E8
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 226-227, 1:E8
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transliteration | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus xxx, 1 | Νεκτανέβης | Nektanebes | Nectanebes | 18 years |
| Eusebius xxx, 1 | Νεκτανεβης | Nektanebes | Nektanebes | 10 years |
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 226–227
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 20 (1915): 183–192
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 171–172
The Royal titulary
The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.
Kinglists
- Turin king list
223 kings – Dynasty 19 - Abydos Canon
76 kings – Dynasty 19 - Saqqara Canon
58 kings – Dynasty 19 - Karnak Canon
61 kings – Dynasty 18 - Comparing the canons
Abydos, Saqqara and Karnak - Ramesseum Canon
Ramesses II Mortuary Temple - Medinet Habu Canon
Ramesses III Mortuary Temple
Ancient historians
- Herodotus
450 BC – Histories - Manetho
250 BC – Aegyptiaca - Diodorus
50 BC – Bibliotheca Historica - Josephus
100 CE – Against Apion - Africanus
220 CE – Chronographai - Eusebius
325 CE – Chronicon - Jerome
380 CE – Chronicon - Syncellus
800 CE – Egloga Chronographai - Eratosthenes
Probably a forgery (date unknown) - Comparing the sources
Transmission of Manetho
by Africanus et. al.
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