Sahura in hieroglyphs

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus Neb khau  The Dual King Sahu Ra

Horus names

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name

Neb khau

nb-ḫꜤw

Possessor of appearances

nb:xa-w

Cerny, Inscriptions of Sinai, I, plate 5
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Possessor of appearances
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 56–57, 2:H

Horus name variant

Neb khau Sahu Ra

nb-ḫꜤw sꜢḥ-w-rꜤ

Possessor of appearances, Ra has endowed me

nb:xa-w-ra-sAH-w

Borchardt, Das grabdenkmal des Sahu-Re, I, 45–46
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Possessor of appearances, Ra has endowed me

Nebty name

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name

Neb khau

nb-ḫꜤw

Possessor of appearances

nb:xa-w

Borchardt, Das grabdenkmal des Sahu-Re, I, 45–46
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Possessor of appearances
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 56–57, 2:N

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name

Bikwy nebu

bikwi-nbw

The golden double falcon

G7*G7:nbw

Borchardt, Das grabdenkmal des Sahu-Re, I, 45–46
Translation: Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, The golden double falcon
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 56–57, 2:G

Throne names

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name

Sahu Ra

sꜢḥw-rꜤ

Ra has endowed me

ra-sAH-w

Abydos Canon no. 27
Saqqara Canon no. 33
Karnak Canon no. 3
Mariette, Abydos, I, plate 43 (27)
Meyer, Ägyptische Chronologie, plate 1 (33)
Borchardt, Das grabdenkmal des Sahu-Re, I, 45–46
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 56–57, 2:E

Throne name variant

Name missing

–

–

Turin King List 4.18
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) III:18

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

Bibliography

• Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 109–113
• Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 56–57
• Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 38
• Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 343–345