Sobekhotep IV in hieroglyphs

A pharaoh(?) of the Thirteenth Dynasty, a.k.a. Khaneferre Sobekhotep

Precedessor
Sihathor

Successor
Sobekhotep V

Reign of Sobekhotep IV
AE Chronology1709–1701
Ryholt1732–1720
Malek1727–1720
Franke1694–1685
Redford1734–1724

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Ankh ib tawy  The Dual King Kha nefer Ra  Son of Ra Sobek hotep

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Horus name
Ankh ib tawy
Ꜥnḫ-ib-tꜢwi
The (very) life of the heart of the Two Lands
anx-ib:N17:N17
Legrain, Second rapport sur les travaux exécutés à Karnak, ASAE 4 (1903): 26
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 96-97, 24:H1
Horus name variant
Horus name
Ankh ib tawy
Ꜥnḫ-ib-tꜢwi
The (very) life of the heart of the Two Lands
anx-ib:Z1-N17:N17
Petrie, Abydos, I, plate LIX (1)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 96-97, 24:H2

Nebty name

Two ladies hieroglyphs

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Wadj khau
wꜢḏ-ḫꜤw
Flourishing of appearances
wAD-xa:a-w-Y1:Z2
Legrain, Second rapport sur les travaux exécutés à Karnak, ASAE 4 (1903): 26
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 96-97, 24:N

Golden Horus name

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
User bau
wsr-bꜤw
Rich in might
wsr-s-G30
Helck, Eine Stele Sebekhoteps IV. aus Karnak, Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo 24 (1969): 194ff
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 96-97, 24:G

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Kha nefer Ra
ḫꜤi-nfr-rꜤ
The (very) appearance of the perfection of Ra
ra-xa-nfr
Karnak Canon no. 33
Louvre, statue A17
Mariette, Karnak, plate 8 n
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 96-97, 24:T1
Throne name variant
Kha nefer Ra
ḫꜤi-nfr-rꜤ
The (very) appearance of the perfection of Ra
ra-xa:a-nfr
Legrain, Second rapport sur les travaux exécutés à Karnak, ASAE 4 (1903): 26
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 96-97, 24:T2

Birth names

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Sobek hotep
sbk-ḥtp
Sobek is satisfied
sbk-Htp:t*p
Legrain, Second rapport sur les travaux exécutés à Karnak, ASAE 4 (1903): 26
Louvre statue A17
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 96-97, 24:E1
Birth name variant
Sobek hotep
sbk-ḥtp
Sobek is satisfied
s-b-k-Htp:t*p
Mariette, Karnak, plate 8 n
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 96-97, 24:E2

Throne + Birth name

Combination of Throne- and Birth-name cartouches
probably only used for a special occasion.

Throne + Birth name
Kha nefer Ra Sobek hotep
ḫꜤi-nfr-rꜤ
The (very) appearance of the perfection of Ra, Sobekhotep
ra-xa:a-nfr-I3-Htp:t-p

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 18 (1912): 31–38
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 96–97
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 67–68
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 448–450
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