Amenemhat IV in hieroglyphs

The seventh pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty, a.k.a. Amenemhet IV

His throne name is present on all four of the New Kingdom king lists, and the Turin Canon preserves his length of reign as 9 years, 3 months and 27 days. His name is not present in the king list of Manetho.

Precedessor
Amenemhat III

Successor
Neferusobek
Reign of Amenemhat IV
AE Chronology1772–1764
v. Beckerath1807–1798
Shaw1786–1777
Dodson1798–1785
Arnold1799–1787
Malek1814–1805
Grimal1797–1790
Franke1773–1764
Redford1798–1790
Turin King List9y 3m 27d

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Kheper kheperu  The Dual King Maa kheru Ra  Son of Ra Amenemhat

Horus names

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Kheper kheperu
ḫpr-ḫprw
Everlasting of manifestations
xpr-xpr-Z3-w
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 140o
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 7:H1
Horus name variant
Kheper kheperu
ḫpr-ḫprw
Everlasting of manifestations
xpr-xpr-xpr-xpr
Petrie Museum, scarab UC 11332
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 7:H2

Nebty name

Two ladies hieroglyphs

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
Seheb tawy
s-ḥꜢb-tꜢwi
He who makes the Two Lands festive
s-H-b-W4:N17:N17
Gardiner, The inscription of Sinai, pl. XLII (119)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 7:N

Golden Horus name

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
Sekhem netjeru
sḫm-nṯrw
The golden Horus, powerful one of the gods
sxm*G5:nbw-nTrw
Gardiner, The inscription of Sinai, pl. XLII (119)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 7:G

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Maa kheru Ra
mꜢꜤ-ḫrw-rꜤ
The righteous one of Ra
ra-U4:a-P8-w
Abydos Canon no. 65
Saqqara Canon no. 21
Karnak Canon no. 21

Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 7:T1
Throne name variant
Maa kheru Ra
mꜢꜤ-ḫrw-rꜤ
The voice of Ra is true
ra-U4:a-P8-W-A17
Turin King List 7.1
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959) VI:1
Throne name variant
Maa kheru Ra
mꜢꜤ-ḫrw-rꜤ
The righteous one of Ra
mA&ra-mAa:a-xrw
Gardiner, The inscription of Sinai, pl. XI (35)
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 86-87, 7:T2

Birth name

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Amenemhat
imn-m-ḥꜢt
Amun is in front
i-mn:n-m-HAt:t
Petrie Museum, scarab UC 11332
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, II, 140h

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 337–341
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 86–87
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 59–60
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 30–32
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