Seti I
| Also known as: Sethos I | Dynasty XIX |
Seti I imitated Thutmose III’s Horus name by using the same one, but adding -sankhtawy, “sustaining the Two Lands,” to it. His splendid mortuary temple at Abydos contain more than thirty Horus names, but they were probably only used in the specific rituals.
| Reign of Seti I | |
|---|---|
| AE Chronology | 1290–1279 |
| von Beckerath | 1290–1279 |
| Shaw | 1294–1279 |
| Dodson | 1296–1279 |
| Malek | 1294–1279 |
| Arnold | 1306–1290 |
| Grimal | 1294–1279 |
| Redford | 1314–1304 |
| Manetho (Josephus) | 59 years |
| Manetho (Africanus) | 51 years |
| Manetho (Eusebius) | 55 years |
| Manetho (Jerome) | 55 years |
| Highest attestation | Year 11 |
The Royal Titulary
From the hieroglyphic records
Horus name
Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy
kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi
The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes and sustains the Two Lands
E1:D40-m&xa-R19-s-M127-anx-wAD
Chapels of Isis and Horus ceiling insription
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 40 j/k/m
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H1b
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 40 j/k/m
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H1b
Horus name variant A1
Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy
kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi
The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes and sustains the Two Lands
E1:D40-m&xa-R19-s-anx-N17:N17:N21*N21
Chapel of Sethos, west wall false door
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 34
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H1a
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 34
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H1a
Horus name variant A2
Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy
kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi
The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes and sustains the Two Lands
E1:D40-m&xa-R19-s-anx-n:x-N17:N17:N17
Chapel of Sethos, west wall false door
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 34
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 34
Horus name variant A3
Ka nakht kha em Waset sankh tawy
kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi
The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes and sustains the Two Lands
E1:D40-m&xa-R19-s-anx-n\60:x-N17:N17:N17
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 34
Horus name variant A4
Ka nakht kha em Waset
kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst
The Strong bull who appeared in Thebes
E1:D40-m&xa-R19
Passim
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H28
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H28
Horus name variant B1
Ka nakht sankh tawy
kꜢ-nḫt sꜤnḫ-tꜤwi
The Strong bull who sustains the Two Lands
E1:D40-s-anx-n:x-N17:N17
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 39:2, alabaster stele
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H2
Horus name variant B2
Ka nakht sankh tawy
kꜢ-nḫt sꜤnḫ-tꜤwi
The Strong bull who sustains the Two Lands
E1:D40-s-anx-N17:N17
East face, Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 106:5, §51
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 106:5, §51
Horus name variant B3
Ka nakht sankh tawy
kꜢ-nḫt sꜤnḫ-tꜤwi
The Strong bull who sustains the Two Lands
E1:D40-z:anx*(n:Aa1)-N17:N17:N21*N21
Flaminian Obelisk South base
Horus name variant B4
Ka nakht sankh tawy
kꜢ-nḫt sꜤnḫ-tꜤwi
The Strong bull who sustains the Two Lands
E1:D40-s-anx-N17:N17:N21*N21
Main text Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 105:9, §51
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 105:9, §51
Horus name variant C1
Ka nakht mery Ra
kꜢ-nḫt mri-rꜤ
The strong bull, beloved of Ra
E1:D40-ra:Z1-A41-mr-i-i
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 233:13
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H3
Horus name variant C2
Ka nakht mery Maat-Ra
kꜢ-nḫt mri-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ
The strong bull, beloved of Maat and Ra
E1:D40-ra:Z1-A41-C10A-mr
Flaminian obelisk, western center face
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H4
Horus name variant C3
Ka nakht mery en Amun
kꜢ-nḫt mri.n-imn
Strong bull beloved of Amun
E1:D40-U7:r:n-i-mn:n
Chapel of Amun-Ra entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Horus name variant D1
Ka nakht sa Atum
kꜢ-nḫt zꜢ-itm
The Strong bull, son of Atum
E1:D40-H8:Z1-t:U15
Flaminian Obelisk North base
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H8
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H8
Horus name variant D2
Ka nakht sa Amun
kꜢ-nḫt zꜢ-imn
Strong bull and son of Amun
E1:D40-zA&Z1-i-mn:n
Chapel of Amun-Ra entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H20
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H20
Horus name variant E1
Ka nakht kha khau
kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤ-ḫꜤw
Strong bull the (very) appearance of appearances
E1:D40-xa:a:xa*Z2
Mariette, Abydos, I, 49b
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 185:12
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H27
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 185:12
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H27
Horus name variant E2
Ka nakht kha hedjet mery Ra
kꜢ-nḫt ḳꜢi-ḥḏt mri-rꜤ
Strong bull (whose) White Crown is hign, beloved of Ra
E1:D40-q-A28-S1-C2A-mr
ASAE, 9, 81
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H11
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H11
Horus name variant E3
Ka nakht kha em hedjet mery Ra
kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-ḥḏt mri-rꜤ
Strong bull who appeared in the White Crown, beloved of Ra
E1:D40-m&xa-S1-C2A-mr
ASAE, 9, 81
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H9
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H9
Horus name variant F1
Ka nakht sekhem khepesh
kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš
The strong bull and
strong-armed one
E1:D40-sxm-G87-x*p:N37:F24
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, III, 18
Thickness of entrance from inner Osiris hall to chapel of Osiris
Thickness of entrance from inner Osiris hall to chapel of Osiris
Horus name variant F2
Ka nakht sekhem khepesh
kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš
The strong bull and
strong-armed one
E1:D40-sxm-m-D40:F24
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 53 (B)
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Ptah entrance thickness
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Ptah entrance thickness
Horus name variant F3
Ka nakht sekhem khepesh
kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš
The strong bull and strong-armed one
E1:D40-sxm-T16A
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 35
Horus name variant F4
Ka nakht sekhem khepesh
kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš
The strong bull and strong-armed one
E1:D40-sxm-m-x*p:N37:F24-T16
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 53 (E)
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Horus name variant F5
Ka nakht sekhem khepesh
kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš
The strong bull and strong-armed one
E1:D40-sxm-m-D40:xpS:D40
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 55 (A)
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Osiris entrance thickness
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Osiris entrance thickness
Horus name variant F6
Ka nakht sekhem khepesh pedjut 9
kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-ḫpš-pḏt
The strong bull of who defeated the Nine Bows
E1:D40-sxm-T16A-r:pD-t*Z2:Z2*Z2
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 55 (D)
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Isis entrance thickness
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Isis entrance thickness
Horus name variant G1
Ka nakht sekhem pehty
kꜢ-nḫt sḫm-pḥty
The strong bull, powerful of
might
E1:D40-sxm-F9*F9:D40
Mariette, Abydos, I, plate 49b+c (stairs)
Horus name variant G2
Ka nakht sekhau der pedjut 9
kꜢ-nḫt s-ḫꜤw-pḏt
The strong bull of appearances has repelled the Nine Bows
E1:D40-s-xa:Z2-D37:pD-t*Z2:Z2*Z2
Chapel of Ptah, southern thickness of entrance door
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, plate 41
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, plate 41
Horus name variant H1
Ka nakht wehem mesut
kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-mswt
Strong bull who has renewed births
E1:D40-F25-m-ms-t&w&Z2
Chapel of Isis, south side entrance door thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 36
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 36
Horus name variant H2
Ka nakht wehem mesut
kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-mswt
Strong bull who has
renewed births
E1:D40-F25-m-ms*w:t*Z2
Chapel of Re-Harakhti, north side
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Horus name variant H3
Ka nakht wehem mesut
kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-mswt
Strong bull who has
renewed births
E1:D40-F25-ms-s-w:t*Z2
Chapel of Osiris entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, III, 18
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, III, 18
Horus name variant I
Ka nakht der pedjut 9
kꜢ-nḫt dr-pḏt
The strong bull who repelled the Nine Bows
E1:D40-d:r:D40-pD:t*Z2:Z2*Z2
Second hypostyle Hall, chapels entrance thicknesses
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, plate 53
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, plate 53
Horus name variant J1
Ka nakht wehem khau
kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-ḫꜤw
Strong bull who has repeated apparitions
E1:D40-F25-xa:Z2
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 35
Horus name variant J2
Ka nakht wehem khau
kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-ḫꜤw
Strong bull who has repeated apparitions
E1:D40-F25-m-xa:a-Y1:Z2
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 53 (E)
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 53 (E)
Horus name variant K
Ka nakht wah nesut
kꜢ-nḫt wꜢḥ-nswt
The strong bull, enduring of
kingship
E1:D40-wAH-H-Y1v-sw*i*i:t*Z2
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 41
Chapel of Ptah entrance thickness
Chapel of Ptah entrance thickness
Horus name variant L1
Ka nakht wer biaut
kꜢ-nḫt wr-biꜢ-tw
Strong bull, great of marvels
E1:D40-wr:r-U16:t*Z2
Chapel of Ptah north side entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 41
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 41
Horus name variant L2
Ka nakht wer nesyt
kꜢ-nḫt wr-nsyt
The strong bull, great of kingship
E1:D40-wr:r-sw-t-i-i
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 36
Chapel of Horus, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H14
Chapel of Horus, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H14
Horus name variant M
Ka nakht wehem sekhemty(?)
kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-sḫmty
Strong bull who has renewed power
E1:D40-F25-m-S5-Z3
Mariette, Abydos, I, plate 14a
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, III, plate 18 and IV, plate 53
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, III, plate 18 and IV, plate 53
Horus name variant N1
Ka nakht tit Amun
kꜢ-nḫt tit-imn
The strong bull, the (very) image
of Amun
E1:D40-t:D17-i-mn:n
Chapel of Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H21
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H21
Horus name variant N2
Ka nakht tit Ra Atum
kꜢ-nḫt tit-rꜤ-itm
The strong bull, the (very) image
of Ra-Atum
E1:D40-ra:D17:t-t:U15
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Chapel of Re-Harkhti, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H18
Chapel of Re-Harkhti, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H18
Horus name variant O1
Ka nakht user pedjut
kꜢ-nḫt wsr-s-pḏtw
The strong bull with strong troops
E1:D40-wsr-s-pD:pD:pD
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 41; III, 18
Horus name variant O2
Ka nakht user pedjut
kꜢ-nḫt wsr-pḏt
The strong bull with strong troops
E1:D40-wsr-s-pD:t:Z2
Second hypostyle Hall, east wall, Ptah entrance, south thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, plate 53 (B)
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, plate 53 (B)
Horus name variant P
Ka nakht user kau
kꜢ-nḫt wsr-kꜢw
The strong bull, who has a strong soul
E1:D40-wsr-s-kA:kA*kA
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 36
Chapel of Horus, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H13
Chapel of Horus, south side entrance thickness
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H13
Horus name variant Q
Ka nakht sekheper tawy
kꜢ-nḫt sḫpr-tꜢwi
Strong bull who has
created the Two Lands
E1:D40-s-xpr:r-N17:N17:N21*N21
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 55 (D)
Second hypostyle hall Isis entrance thickness
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H16
Second hypostyle hall Isis entrance thickness
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H16
Horus name variant R
Ka nakht setep en Amun
kꜢ-nḫt stp.n-imn
Strong bull, chosen of Amun
E1:D40-stp:p:n-i-mn:n
Chapel of Amun-Ra entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H22
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H22
Horus name variant S
Ka nakht wehem hedjet deshret atef
kꜢ-nḫt wḥm-ḥḏt-dšrt-Ꜣtf
The strong bull with renewed crowns
E1:D40-F25-m-S1-S3-S8A
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 55
Horus name variant T
Ka nakht aa shefyt mery Ra
kꜢ-nḫt ꜤꜢ-šfit mri-rꜤ
Stong bull
great of majesty and beloved of Ra
E1:D40-aA:F8-C2A-mr
ASAE, 9, 81
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H10
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H10
Horus name variant U
Ka nakht der khasut em nakhtuef
kꜢ-nḫt dr-ḫꜢswt-m-nḫtw.f
The strong bull who has repelled foreign lands with his victories
E1:D40-d:r:D40-N25:t*Z2:Aa15-t*Z2:D40:f
Flaminian obelisk, southern center face
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H5
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H5
Horus name variant V
Ka nakht hotep her Maat
kꜢ-nḫt ḥtp-ḥr-mꜢꜤt
The strong bull who has satisfied Maat
E1:D40-Htp:t*p-D2:Z1-C10A
Flaminian Obelisk North center face
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H6
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H6
Horus name variant W
Ka nakht iri en Ra
kꜢ-nḫt iri.n-rꜤ
Strong bull begotten of Ra
E1:D40-ir:n-C2
Chapel of Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H19
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H19
Horus name variant X
Ka nakht mitet Mentju
kꜢ-nḫt miti-mnṯw
The strong bull, and the likeness of Montu
E1:D40-mi-t*t:Y1-mn:n:T-C17A
Flaminian obelisk, western base
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H7
Horus name variant Y
Ka nakht nedjety Ra
kꜢ-nḫt nḏti-rꜤ
The strong bull and protector of Ra
E1:D40-Aa27-nw:t*y:D40-ra:Z1-A40
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 36
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H25
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H25
Horus name variant Z
Ka nakht sa Kheper
kꜢ-nḫt zꜢ-ḫpri
Strong bull and son of Khepri
E1:D40-zA&Z1-xpr:r-i
Chapel of Re-Harakhti entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H17
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 148-149, 2:H17
Horus name variant α
Ka nakht sa Wesiri
kꜢ-nḫt zꜢ-wsiri
Strong bull and son of Osiris
E1:D40-zA&Z1-ir:st*A40
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 36
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H24
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H24
Horus name variant β
Ka nakht sekha en Ra
kꜢ-nḫt s-ḫꜤ-n-rꜤ
Strong bull whom Ra has caused to appear
E1:D40-s-xa:a:a:n-ra:Z1-A41
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 36
Chapel of Isis, north side entrance thickness
Chapel of Isis, north side entrance thickness
Horus name variant γ
Ka nakht ...
kꜢ-nḫt s-nb-pr(w)-niwt(w)
The strong bull...
E1:D40-z:nb-pr:pr-pr:O49-O49:O49
Chapel of Re-Harakhti north side entrance thickness
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 40
Horus name variant δ
Ka nakht aa khepesh
kꜢ-nḫt ꜤꜢ-ḫpš
The Strong bull, great of strong arm
E1:D40-aA:a:xpS
Mariette, Abydos, I, 49b
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 185:10
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H26
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 185:10
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:H26
Horus name variant ε
Ka nakht aa pehty
kꜢ-nḫt ꜤꜢ-pḥty
The Strong bull great of might
E1:D40-aA:F9*F9
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, 35
Nebty name
Wehem mesut sekhem khepesh der pedjut 9
wḥm-mswt sḫm-ḫpš dr-pḏt-Ꜣ
Renewing births, the strong-armed one who has repelled the Nine Bows
F25-ms-s-w-t-sxm-x*p:O39:xpS-d:r:D40-pD:t-Z2:Z2:Z2
Beth-Shan stele of Seti I
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 11:15
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N1a
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 11:15
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N1a
Nebty name variant A1
Wehem mesut sekhem khepesh der pedjut 9
wḥm-mswt sḫm-ḫpš dr-pḏt-Ꜣ
Renewing births, the strong-armed one who has repelled the Nine Bows
wHm-ms-w&t-sxm-M:D40:T16-d:r:D40-T9A:t*Z2:Z2*Z2
Seti I shrine at Kanais
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 65:14
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 65:14
Nebty name variant B1
Sekhem pehty der pedjut 9
sḫm-pḥty dr-pḏt-9
The powerful of might who has repelled the Nine Bows
sxm-F9:t*t-d:r:D40-T10:t*Z2:Z2*Z2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:N2b
Nebty name variant B2
Sekhem pehty der pedjut 9
sḫm-pḥty dr-pḏt-9
The powerful of might who has repelled the Nine Bows
sxm-F9:F9-d:r:D40-T10:t*Z2:Z2*Z2
Main text Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 105:9, §51
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 105:9, §51
Nebty name variant B3
Sekhem khepesh der pedjut 9
sḫm-ḫpš dr-pḏt-9
The strong-armed one who has repelled the Nine Bows
sxm-G87-x*p:O39-xpS-d:r:D40-pD:t*Z2-Z2:Z2
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 233:15
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N2a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N2a
Nebty name variant C
Men menu djet neheh
mn-mnw-ḏt-nḥḥ
Enduring of monuments
forever
mn:n:Y1-mn:nw*nw*nw-D&t:N17-H-ra-H
Flaminian obelisk, southern center face
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N4
Nebty name variant D
Men menu em hutaat Maat
mn-mnw-m-ḥwt-ꜤꜢt-mꜢꜤt
Enduring of
monuments in the Great Mansion of Maat
mn:n:Y1-mn:n:nw*nw*nw-m-O90-t:pr-Sw
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 233:13
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N3
Nebty name variant E
Mentju en ta mek Kemet
mnṯw-n-tꜢ mk-kmt
Montu of the land, the protector of Egypt
mn:n:T-w-A40-n:N17-Aa15:a:k-I6:t*O49
Flaminian obelisk, northern center face
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N6
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N6
Nebty name variant F
Wafkhasut Dermentju
wꜤf-ḫꜢswt dr-mnṯiw
Who has subdued the
foreign lands and repelled the bedouin
G45-f:W:D40-N25:Z2-d:r:D40-mn:n-G4&t-Z2-T14
Flaminian obelisk, westerm center face
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N5
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:N5
Golden Horus name
Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu
wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw
Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands
F25-xa:a:Z2-wsr-s-r:D40-pD:t*Z2-m-N17:N17:N17-nb:Z2
Beth-Shan stele of Seti I
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 11:15-16
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 11:15-16
Golden Horus name variant A1
Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu
wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw
Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands
F25-HDt-N-S8-F78-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17:nb
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 193
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G1b
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G1b
Golden Horus name variant A2
Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu
wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw
Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands
F25-xa:Z2-wsr-s-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17-nb:Z2
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 71:3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:G1a
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:G1a
Golden Horus name variant A3
Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu
wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw
Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands
F25-xa:Z2-wsr-s-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17:N21*N21*N21-nb:Z2
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 64:14-15
Golden Horus name variant A4
Wehem khau user pedjut em tau nebu
wḥm-ḫꜤw wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw
Who has repeated appearances, strong of troops in all lands
wHm-xa:3-wsr-T10:T10:T10-m-tA:tA:tA:N21*N21*N21-nb:Z2
Seti I shrine at Kanais
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 65:14-15
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 65:14-15
Golden Horus name variant B1
User pedjut em tau nebu
wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw
The one who is strong of troops in all lands
wsr-z:r:D40-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17:N21*N21*N21-nb:nb:nb
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 39
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G2
Golden Horus name variant B2
User pedjut em tau nebu
wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw
The one who is strong of troops in all lands
wsr-s-T10:t*Z2:M-N17:N17:N17-nb:Z2
East face, Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 106:5, §51
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 106:5, §51
Golden Horus name variant B3
User pedjut em tau nebu
wsr-pḏwt-m-tꜢw-nbw
The one who is strong of troops in all lands
wsr-s-T10:T10:T10-M:N17:N17:N17-nb:Z2
Main text Qantara truncated obelisk
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 105:9, §51
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 105:9, §51
Golden Horus name variant C
Mer en Ra saa kaef
mri.n-rꜤ sꜤꜢ-kꜢ-f
Whom Ra has loved, who has magnified his ka
C2-mr-r:n-s-aAv-D29:f
Flaminian obelisk, western center face
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G6
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G6
Golden Horus name variant D
Nefer renput, sankh tawy
nfr-rnpwt sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi
Perfect of years, who has sustained the Two Lands
nfr-rnp-rnp-rnp-s-anx-n:x:N17:N17
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 161
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G7
Golden Horus name variant E
Akh en ituef seqa persen
Ꜣḫ-n-itw.f sḳꜢ pr.sn
The one beneficial to his fathers, who has exalted their temples
G25&x:n-t:f:f:f-s-q-A28-O1:Z1-z:n:Z2
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 233
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G3
Golden Horus name variant F
Sehotep Ra em merretef
sḥtp-rꜤ m mrrt.f
Who pleases Ra with whatever he (i.e., Ra) wishes
s-Htp:t*p-m&ra-U7:r:r-t*Z2:f
Flaminian obelisk, southern face
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 118:4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G4
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 118:4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G4
Golden Horus name variant G
Sekhem netjeri iren Khepri
sḫm-nṯri ir.n ḫpri
Divine power whom Khepri has begotten
sxm-Z1-A43L-nTr-t:D4:Y1:n-xpr:r-i-A40
Flaminian obelisk, northern face
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 118:7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G5
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 118:7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 152-153, 2:G5
Throne name
Men Maat Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra
ra-C10A-mn
Abydos king list 76
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T1
Throne name variant A1
Men Maat Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra
ra-mn-C10A
Saqqara king list 2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T2
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T2
Throne name variant A2
Men Maat Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra
ra-C10A-mn:n
Medinet Habu king-list 13
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T1
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T1
Throne name variant A3
Men Maat Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra
ra-mn:n-H6
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 59:5
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T3
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T3
Throne name variant A3
Men Maat Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra
ra-mn:n-U5:a-t-Sw-Y1:Z2
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 244:11
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T4
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T4
Throne name variant B
Men Maat Ra, heqa tawy
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-tꜢwi
Eternal is the Truth of Ra, ruler of the Two Lands
ra:mn-C10A-HqA-q:N17:N17
Assuan Year 9 lesser stela
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 73:13
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 141i
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T11
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 73:13
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (1849), III, 141i
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T11
Throne name variant C
Men Maat Ra, heqa Waset
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-wꜢst
Eternal is the Truth of Ra, ruler of Thebes
ra:mn-C10A-HqA-R19
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 34, 40k
Throne name variant D
Men Maat Ra, heqa Maat
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-mꜢꜤt
Eternal is the Truth of Ra, ruler of Maat
ra-HqA-C10A-Sw-mn
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 40b
Chapel of Osiris ceiling inscription
Chapel of Osiris ceiling inscription
Throne name variant E
Men Maat Ra, heqa Iunu
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ ḥḳꜢ-iwnw
Menmaatra, ruler of Heliopolis
ra:mn-C10A-HqA-iwn
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, 34, 36a
Throne name variant F
Men Maat Ra, mer en Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ mr.n-rꜤ
Menmaatra, whom Ra has loved
ra:mn-C10A-ra*Z1:U7:n
Inner Osiris Hall, eastern architrave
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, III, 30
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 163:14
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T12
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, III, 30
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 163:14
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:T12
Throne name variant G
Men Maat Ra, ir en Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ iri.n-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra, whom Ra engendered
ra:mn-C10A-ra*Z1:ir:n
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, IV, 80
Throne name variant H
Men Maat Ra, iwa Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ iwꜤ-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra, the heir of Ra
ra:mn-C10A-ra*Z1:iwa
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, II, plate 9
Throne name variant I
Men Maat Ra, tit Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ tit-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra, the (very) image of Ra
ra:mn-C10A-ra:D17
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, plate 36b
Throne name variant J
Men Maat Ra, setep en Ra
mn-mꜢꜤt-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Eternal is the Truth of Ra, chosen of Ra
ra:mn-C10A-stp&n&ra
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I, plate 34d
Chapel of Horus, under-lintel of door in east wall
Chapel of Horus, under-lintel of door in east wall
Birth name
Seti, mer en Ptah
stḥy mri.n-ptḥ
Seti, beloved of Ptah
p:t-H-C7-i*i*mr:n
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 39
Birth name variant A1
Seti, mer en Ptah
stḥy mri.n-ptḥ
Seti, beloved of Ptah
stX-i-i-p:t-H-mr:n
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 244:12
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:E6
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:E6
Birth name variant A2
Seti, mer en Ptah
stḥy mri.n-ptḥ
Seti, beloved of Ptah
p:t-H-mr-stX*i*i:n
Flaminio obelisk
Birth name variant A3
Seti, mer en Ptah
stḥy mri.n-ptḥ
Seti, beloved of Ptah
p:t-H-stX-i-i-N36:n
Stela from Qadesh
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, 1, 25:6
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:E2
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, 1, 25:6
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:E2
Birth name variant B
Seti, mer en Amun
stḥy mri.n-imn
Seti, beloved of Amun
i-mn:n:U7-stX*i*i:n
Variant used at Thebes
Karnak Northern War scene, great Hyptstyle Hall
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:E3
Karnak Northern War scene, great Hyptstyle Hall
Kitchen. Ramesside Inscriptions, I, 7
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:E3
Birth name variant C
Wesiri Seti, mer en Ptah
wsiri stḥi mr.i-n-ptḥ
Osiris Seti, beloved of Ptah
p:t-H-A43-V39-i-i-N36:n
Calverley, The Temple of Sethos I at Abydos, I-IV
Birth name variant D
Seti
stḥy
The one who belongs to (the god) Seth
stX-i-i
Black granite statue (CG 39211)
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:E5
Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999), 150-151, 2:E5
The complete titulary
Sources containing all five names of the royal titulary
Flaminio obelisk, south center face
Kitchen 1975, 118, §58
Flaminio obelisk, west center face
Kitchen 1975, 118, §58
The sources of antiquity
From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity
| Author | Greek | Transliteration | Transcription | Reign |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africanus xix, 1 | Σεθως | Sethos | Sethus | 51 years |
| Eusebius xix, 1 | Σεθως | Sethos | Sethus | 55 years |
| Jerome | Sethus | 55 years | ||
| Josephus 97 | Σεθως | Sethos | Sethus | 59 years |
Bibliography
Beckerath, J. Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 148–143
Baker. D. D. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 409–413
Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 10–33
Leprohon, R. J. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 109–114
The Royal titulary
The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.
Kinglists
- Turin king list
223 kings – Dynasty 19 - Abydos Canon
76 kings – Dynasty 19 - Saqqara Canon
58 kings – Dynasty 19 - Karnak Canon
61 kings – Dynasty 18 - Comparing the canons
Abydos, Saqqara and Karnak - Ramesseum Canon
Ramesses II Mortuary Temple - Medinet Habu Canon
Ramesses III Mortuary Temple
Ancient historians
- Herodotus
450 BC – Histories - Manetho
250 BC – Aegyptiaca - Diodorus
50 BC – Bibliotheca Historica - Josephus
100 CE – Against Apion - Africanus
220 CE – Chronographai - Eusebius
325 CE – Chronicon - Jerome
380 CE – Chronicon - Syncellus
800 CE – Egloga Chronographai - Eratosthenes
Probably a forgery (date unknown) - Comparing the sources
Transmission of Manetho
by Africanus et. al.
Creative Commons
license
All content on this website is free to copy, redistribute and adapt in any medium or format, provided you give the appropriate credit. Yes, this includes images and texts. Keep information free!