Djoser

Also known as: Zezer, Zozer, Djeser Dynasty III

The Horus name Netjerykhet can with certainty be attached to Djoser as the names appears together on a statue of Senusret II of the twelfth dynasty, and also on the Famine stela carved into the rock on Sehel Island. Stelae from the Djoser pyramid complex at Saqqara mention the name of Djoser and his family, but always start with Khenti-ta-djeser-nisut (blessed be the country of the sublime king). The "djeser-nisut" was probably misinterpreted as his birth name by later scribes.

Reign of Djoser
AE Chronology2592–2566
von Beckerath2665–2645
Shaw2667–2648
Dodson2584–2565
Allen2630–2611
Malek2628–2609
Redford2687–2668
Turin Canon19y 1m
Manetho (Africanus)29 years

 

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

Horus name
Horus name of Djoser: Netjery khet
Netjery khet
nṯri-ẖt
Divine of body
nTr-r:X
Garstang, Mahasna, plates VIII to X
, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (), II, 2f
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 48-49, 2:H1
Horus name variant
Horus name of Djoser: Netjery khet*
Netjery khet*
nṯri-ẖt
nTr-t:r-X:t*F51B
Famine stela on Sehel Island, inscribed during the Ptolemaic dynasty.
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 48-49, 2:H2
Nebty name
Nebty name of Djoser: Netjery khet
Netjery khet
nṯri-ẖt
The one whose body is divine
nTr-r:X
, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (), II, 2f
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 48-49, 2:N
Nebty name variant
Nebty name of Djoser: Netjery khet nebu
Netjery khet nebu
nṯri-ẖt-nbw
nTr-r:X:nbw
Garstang, Mahasna and Bet Khallaf, plate VIII (1)
Golden Horus name
Golden Horus name of Djoser: Nub Ra
Nub Ra
nbw-rꜤ
ra:nbw
Kaplony. Steingefäße mit Inschriften der Frühzeit und des Alten Reiches, I, 68
, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien (), II, 2f
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 48-49, 2:G2
Throne name
Throne name of Djoser: Djoser*
Djoser*
ḏsr
The sacred one
Dsr-r
Saqqara king list 47
Statue of Djoser dedicated by Senusret II, ÄM 7702
Aegyptische Inschriften aus den Staatlichen Museum zu Berlin. I, 144 (7702)
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 48-49, 2:E2
Throne name variant
Throne name of Djoser: Djoser it*
Djoser it*
ḏsr-it
Dsr:r-i-t-G7
Royal Canon of Turin 4.5
Gardiner, The Royal Canon of Turin (1959), III:5
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 48-49, 2:E3
Throne name variant
Throne name of Djoser: Djoser sa*
Djoser sa*
ḏsr-sꜢ
//-Dsr-V17
Abydos king list 16
, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (), 48-49, 2:E1
Throne name variant
Throne name of Djoser: Djoser*
Djoser*
ḏsr
D251-z:r
Famine stela on Sehel Island, inscribed during the Ptolemaic dynasty.

The sources of antiquity

From the writings of the historians and scholars of antiquity

AuthorGreekTransliterationTranscriptionReign
Africanus iii, 2 Toσoρθρoς Tosorthros Tosorthros 29 years
Eusebius iii, 2 Σεσορθος Sesorthos Sesorthos

Bibliography


Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49 (1999): 48–49
The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC (London, 2008), 96–100
Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 17 (1907): 50–53
The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (Atlanta, 2013), 32

 

End of page
The Royal titulary

The full titulary was announced at the coronation, when a pharaoh officially became king.

Horus
Horus name
The oldest form of a pharaoh's name, often enclosed in a serekh, a sort of "heraldic crest" representing a palace facade.

Nebty
Nebty name
The "Two Ladies", the heraldic goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Golden Horus
Golden Horus name
Gold was strongly associated with eternity, but the meaning of this title is disputed.

Prenomen
Throne name
(prenomen) Announced at the coronation, and written in a cartouche.

Nomen
Personal name
(nomen) The name given at birth, also written in a cartouche.

Kinglists
Ancient historians

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