Ramesses IX in hieroglyphs

The eighth pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty, a.k.a. Ramses IX, Rameses IX

He was probably a grandson of Ramesses III. His reign is best known for the trials of tomb robbers recorded in a number of surviving documents, including the Abbott Papyrus and Amherst Papyrus VI.

Precedessor
Ramesses VIII

Successor
Ramesses X
Reign of Ramesses IX
AE Chronology1129–1111
v. Beckerath1125–1107
Shaw1126–1108
Dodson1123–1104
Arnold1131–1112
Malek1126–1108
Grimal1125–1107
Redford1139–1120
Highest attestationYear 19

The Royal Titulary

From the hieroglyphic records

The Dual King
The Son of Ra

Horus Ka nakht kha em Waset  The Dual King Nefer ka Ra, setep en Ra  Son of Ra Ramessu, kha em Waset, mery Amun

Horus name

Horus name

The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade.

Horus name
Ka nakht kha em Waset
kꜢ-nḫt ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst
The strong bull, he who appears in Thebes
E1:D40-m&xa-R19
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 235
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 172-173, 8:H1

Nebty name

Two ladies hieroglyphs

The “Two Ladies”, the goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively.

Nebty name
User khepesh sankh tawy
wsr-ḫpš sꜤnḫ-tꜢwi
He whose blow is powerful, he invigorates the Two Lands
wsr-T16A-s-anx-M127-wAD
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 235
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 172-173, 8:N1

Golden Horus name

Golden Horus name

Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed.

Golden Horus name
User renput mi Tatenen ity wer-nesyt der pedjut 9
wsr-rnpwt-mi-Ꜥnḏti wr-nsyt dr-pḏt-9
He who is rich in years like Tatenen, the great king who has repelled the Nine Bows
wsr-rnp-t:3-mi-i-C18C-i-U33-i-i-C57-wr:r-sw-t-i-i-Y1v-t:Z3-d:r:N21&D40-pD:t*3:3*3
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 235
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 172-173, 8:G1

Throne names

Prenomen or throne name

Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the Prenomen.

Throne name
Nefer ka Ra, setep en Ra
nfr-kꜢ-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Perfect is the Ka of Ra, the chosen one of Ra
C2-nfr-kA-stp&n&ra
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 235
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 172-173, 8:T1
Throne name variant
Nefer ka Ra, setep en Ra
nfr-kꜢ-rꜤ stp.n-rꜤ
Perfect is the Ka of Ra, the chosen one of Ra
C2-nfr-kA:Z2-stp&n&ra
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 235
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 172-173, 8:T2

Birth names

Nomen or birth name

Personal name given at birth. Also known as the Nomen.

Birth name
Ramessu, kha em Waset, mery Amun
rꜤ-msi-sw ḫꜤi-m-wꜢst mrr-imn
Ramesses, he who appears in Thebes, beloved of Amun
xa-C12\-R19-C2-N36-sw-ms-s-r:r
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 235
Birth name variant
Ramessu, kha em Waset, mery Amun
rꜤ-msi-sw ḫꜤi(m)-wꜢst mrr-imn
Ramesses, he who appears in Thebes, beloved of Amun
C2A\-R19-C12-ms-s-s-U7:r:r
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 235
Birth name variant
Ramessu, kha em Waset, mery Amun
rꜤ-msi-sw ḫꜤi(m)-wꜢst mrr-imn
Ramesses, he who appears in Thebes, beloved of Amun
xa-C2A\-R19-C12A-N36-ms-s-sw-r:r
Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, III, 236
Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. MÄS 49 (1999). 172-173, 8:E2

Bibliography

  • Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 19 (1913): 206–216
  • Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, MÄS 49: 172–173
  • Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. Atlanta: 133
  • Baker. D. D., 2008. The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I. London: 330–332
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